iv. a__________processes the input one block of clements at a time. • Block cipher • Asymmetric Cipher • Stream Cipher • RSA algorithm v. In ________password checking strategy, the system periodically runs its own password cracker to find guessable passwords. • summative • complex • reactive • proactive • vi._________which of these physical charactersitics are example of dynamic biometrjes. • Face • Voice • Fingerprint • Iris vii

Q: (b)Using the following passwords “ABCefg12” and “KojoGiggs12” as examples, discuss the strengths and…

A: Comparatively, the first one is a weak password because it follows a sequence and can be easily…

Q: In modern cryptography, the plaintext is converted to a binary cipher. Bit streams have their bits…

A: A stream cipher is a symmetric key code that joins plain text digits with a stream of pseudo random…

Q: The reason why hashing passwords in a file is chosen over encrypting the password file is because…

A: Hashing passwords: Hashing passwords in a file is preferred over encrypting passwords in a file…

Q: To what extent do you think each of the following passwords does or does not meet the criteria? F.…

A: The specified password, which is the name of the location, is not acceptable since it is easy to…

Q: Salt enhances the difficulty of guessing in the UNIX login authentication procedure by a factor of…

A: In cryptography, a salt is a random information used as an additional input to a one-way algorithm…

Q: Why are authorization lists so vulnerable to the unauthorised change that they need to be encrypted…

A: Why are authorization lists so vulnerable to the unauthorised change that they need to be encrypted…

Q: Authorization lists need to be encrypted and secured since they are so vulnerable to manipulation.…

A: Definition: Authentication is the process of checking the credentials of a person or device trying…

Q: If a password is stored in a file, why would hashing it be better than encrypting it? What use does…

A: Introduction: The  hashed passwords are compared to y, it is more secure; if y = h(x), the password…

Q: 1) Two common authentication bases are _and_ 2) The common resources that can be targeted in DoS…

A: According to bartleby guidelines we are supposed to answer only 3 subparts/mcq so I have answered…

Q: True/False 8. A substitution cipher is a good way to keep sensitive information secure.

A: A Substitution cipher is a simple one. In this cipher, one letter in the message is replaced with a…

Q: Why is hashing passwords in a file preferable to encrypting the password file a much better idea?

A: Security is very important when sensitive data is shared in network. Before sharing information…

Q: Suppose the password file of a system is available to a hacker. How much extra time does the hacker…

A: The Morris-Thompson protection scheme is the technique that adds an extra layer of protection to…

Q: A password generator creates a 10-character case-sensitive alphanumeric (a-zA-Z0-9) password keyed…

A: How many passwords are possible, average length of time be for a successful brute force attack if…

Q: When creating a salt to be used with a hash for a password, the same salt can be safely used for…

A: Answer: True

Q: File hashing and password encryption are different. Difference?

A: With database encryption, data in a database is transformed from a readable state into an unreadable…

Q: What's the difference between keeping hashed passwords in a file and having an encrypted password…

A: Using a cryptographic hash function, hashing is a one-way procedure where a password is converted…

Q: Plaintext is encrypted in binary form in current cryptography. Each bit in a bit stream is encrypted…

A: Symmetric key code is the stream cipher in which plaintext digits are combined with a pseudorandom…

Q: Can you explain the difference between an encrypted password database and a file containing hashed…

A: Yes, I can explain the difference between an encrypted password database and a file containing…

Q: What is the difference between hashing passwords saved in a file and saving them in a password…

A: Introduction: In this question, we're asked to identify the probable differences between employing a…

Q: Before its application can be grasped, the phrase "multi-factor authentication" must be defined. How…

A: Hello student Greetings Hope you are doing great. Thank you!!!

Q: Before its application can be grasped, the phrase "multi-factor authentication" must be defined.…

A: Multi-factor authentication (MFA) is a security process that requires users to provide two or more…

Q: The number of encryption operations required to transmit a big file is comparable for block chaining…

A: The solution to the given question is: DES  DES(Data Encryption Standard) Cypher Block Chaining Mode…

Q: Is it feasible to circumvent access control by taking certain steps?

A: Introduction Is it feasible to circumvent access control by taking certain steps?

Q: What is the difference between a block cipher and a stream cipher? What is the difference between an…

A: What is the difference between a block cipher and a stream cipher? Feature Block Cipher Stream…

Q: File hashing and password encryption are different. Difference?

A: Introduction: Data in a database is changed from a readable state to a ciphertext of unreadable…

Q: Write a program about password cracking. The password file should contain 6-digit numbers only (from…

A: python program about password cracking

Q: This paper aims to elucidate the concept of a challenge-response authentication mechanism and its…

A: A security protocol that requires a user to respond to a challenge before giving access to a system…

Q: The amount of encryption operations required to transfer a big file is comparable in block chaining…

A: Introduction: DES (Date Encryption Standard) cypher block chaining mode This particular cypher mode…

Q: Showing your working, find the key of the Vigenère cipher below. Showing the working involved,…

A: Note: Student asked to provide output only for the first line of the cipher text. Here I am using…

Q: Both cipher feedback mode and cipher block chaining are superior methods for encrypting huge data.…

A: Data Encryption Standard (DES) Cipher Block Chaining Mode: To prevent block replacement, it is a…

Q: A strong password has following properties. i. It MUST start with Capital Letter. ii. Must have at…

A: A Regular Expression or Regex is a sequence of characters which forms patterns, mostly using in…

Q: Can software on a desktop computer generate secret keys for use in cryptographic protocols while…

A: Given, Can software on a desktop computer generate secret keys for use in cryptographic protocols…

Q: Q# Pigpen cipher is less secure than a vigenere cipher. T or f

A: Question. Pigpen cipher is less secure than a vigenere cipher. True False

Q: s the difference between file encryption and disk encryption in terms of

A: Given   What is the difference between file encryption and disk encryption in terms of encryption?…

Q: What is the maximum amount of time that it would take a computer that can test  keys per second to…

A: The only known practical attack on AES-256, when used in the way that ScramBox does, is called a…

Q: But what's the difference between an encrypted password database and a file where hashed passwords…

A: Encryption and hashing are two key concepts in the realm of data guard. An encrypted password…

Q: Identify the following passwords as suitable or unsuitable for use: The acronym wysiwyg stands for…

A: Whаt  is  а  strоng  раsswоrd?А  strоng  раsswоrd  is  оne  thаt  is  designed  tо  be  hаrd  fоr  а…

Cryptography

Cryptography is a term used in computer science to describe secure information and communication techniques that transform messages in difficult-to-decipher ways using mathematical concepts and a set of rule-based calculations known as algorithms.