Homework Help is Here – Start Your Trial Now!
Math
Statistics
It is well known that a placebo, a fake medication or treatment, can sometimes have a positive effect just because patients often expect the medication or treatment to be helpful. An article gave examples of a less familiar phenomenon, the tendency for patients informed of possible side effects to actually experience those side effects. The article cited a study in which a group of patients diagnosed with benign prostatic hyperplasia is randomly divided into two subgroups. One subgroup of size 60 received a compound of proven efficacy along with counseling that a potential side effect of the treatment is erectile dysfunction. The other subgroup of size 50 is given the same treatment without counseling. The percentage of the no-counseling subgroup that reported one or more sexual side effects is 18%, whereas 45% of the counseling subgroup reported at least one sexual side effect. State and test the appropriate hypotheses at significance level 0.05 to decide whether the nocebo effect is operating here. [Note: The estimated expected number of "successes" in the no-counseling sample is a bit shy of 10, but not by enough to be of great concern (some sources use a less conservative cutoff of 5 rather than 10).] State the relevant hypotheses. (Use p, for the true proportion of patients experiencing one or more sexual side effects when given no counseling and p₂ for the true proportion of patients experiencing one or more sexual side effects when receiving counseling that a potential side effect of the treatment is erectile dysfunction.) Ho: P₁ Ha: P₁ Ho: P₁ Ha: P₁ O Ho: P₁ Ha: P₁ USE SALT Z = P₂ = 0 P₂ > 0 P-value = P₂ = 0 P₂ <0 Ho: P₁ P₂ = 0 Ha: P₁ P₂ 20 P₂ = 0 P₂ #0 Calculate the test statistic and P-value. (Round your test statistic to two decimal places and your P-value to four decimal places.) X X

It is well known that a placebo, a fake medication or treatment, can sometimes have a positive effect just because patients often expect the medication or treatment to be helpful. An article gave examples of a less familiar phenomenon, the tendency for patients informed of possible side effects to actually experience those side effects. The article cited a study in which a group of patients diagnosed with benign prostatic hyperplasia is randomly divided into two subgroups. One subgroup of size 60 received a compound of proven efficacy along with counseling that a potential side effect of the treatment is erectile dysfunction. The other subgroup of size 50 is given the same treatment without counseling. The percentage of the no-counseling subgroup that reported one or more sexual side effects is 18%, whereas 45% of the counseling subgroup reported at least one sexual side effect. State and test the appropriate hypotheses at significance level 0.05 to decide whether the nocebo effect is operating here. [Note: The estimated expected number of "successes" in the no-counseling sample is a bit shy of 10, but not by enough to be of great concern (some sources use a less conservative cutoff of 5 rather than 10).] State the relevant hypotheses. (Use p, for the true proportion of patients experiencing one or more sexual side effects when given no counseling and p₂ for the true proportion of patients experiencing one or more sexual side effects when receiving counseling that a potential side effect of the treatment is erectile dysfunction.) Ho: P₁ Ha: P₁ Ho: P₁ Ha: P₁ O Ho: P₁ Ha: P₁ USE SALT Z = P₂ = 0 P₂ > 0 P-value = P₂ = 0 P₂ <0 Ho: P₁ P₂ = 0 Ha: P₁ P₂ 20 P₂ = 0 P₂ #0 Calculate the test statistic and P-value. (Round your test statistic to two decimal places and your P-value to four decimal places.) X X

MATLAB: An Introduction with Applications
MATLAB: An Introduction with Applications
6th Edition
ISBN:9781119256830
Author:Amos Gilat
Publisher:Amos Gilat
Chapter1: Starting With Matlab
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1P
See similar textbooks
icon
Related questions
Question

Q1. Please answer fill-ins.

### Investigating the Nocebo Effect in Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Treatment #### Introduction It is well known that a placebo, a fake medication or treatment, can sometimes have a positive effect just because patients often expect the medication or treatment to be helpful. An article gave examples of a less familiar phenomenon, the tendency for patients informed of possible side effects to actually experience those side effects. The article cited a study in which a group of patients diagnosed with benign prostatic hyperplasia is randomly divided into two subgroups. One subgroup of size 60 received a compound of proven efficacy along with counseling that a potential side effect of the treatment is erectile dysfunction. The other subgroup of size 50 is given the same treatment without counseling. The percentage of the no-counseling subgroup that reported one or more sexual side effects is 18%, whereas 45% of the counseling subgroup reported at least one sexual side effect. State and test the appropriate hypotheses at significance level 0.05 to decide whether the nocebo effect is operating here. **Note:** The estimated expected number of "successes" in the no-counseling sample is a bit shy of 10, but not by enough to be of great concern (some sources use a less conservative cutoff of 5 rather than 10). #### Formulation of Hypotheses Use \( p_1 \) for the true proportion of patients experiencing one or more sexual side effects when given no counseling and \( p_2 \) for the true proportion of patients experiencing one or more sexual side effects when receiving counseling that a potential side effect of the treatment is erectile dysfunction. Select the appropriate hypotheses: - \( H_0: \, p_1 - p_2 = 0 \) - \( H_a: \, p_1 - p_2 < 0 \) Visual representation of hypothesis options (with the correct option selected): - \( \bigcirc \, H_0: \, p_1 - p_2 = 0 \quad H_a: \, p_1 - p_2 \geq 0 \) - \( \bigodot \, H_0: \, p_1 - p_2 = 0 \quad H_a: \, p_1 - p_2 < 0 \) (Selected) - \( \bigcirc \, H_0: \, p_1 - p_2 =
Transcribed Image Text:### Investigating the Nocebo Effect in Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Treatment #### Introduction It is well known that a placebo, a fake medication or treatment, can sometimes have a positive effect just because patients often expect the medication or treatment to be helpful. An article gave examples of a less familiar phenomenon, the tendency for patients informed of possible side effects to actually experience those side effects. The article cited a study in which a group of patients diagnosed with benign prostatic hyperplasia is randomly divided into two subgroups. One subgroup of size 60 received a compound of proven efficacy along with counseling that a potential side effect of the treatment is erectile dysfunction. The other subgroup of size 50 is given the same treatment without counseling. The percentage of the no-counseling subgroup that reported one or more sexual side effects is 18%, whereas 45% of the counseling subgroup reported at least one sexual side effect. State and test the appropriate hypotheses at significance level 0.05 to decide whether the nocebo effect is operating here. **Note:** The estimated expected number of "successes" in the no-counseling sample is a bit shy of 10, but not by enough to be of great concern (some sources use a less conservative cutoff of 5 rather than 10). #### Formulation of Hypotheses Use \( p_1 \) for the true proportion of patients experiencing one or more sexual side effects when given no counseling and \( p_2 \) for the true proportion of patients experiencing one or more sexual side effects when receiving counseling that a potential side effect of the treatment is erectile dysfunction. Select the appropriate hypotheses: - \( H_0: \, p_1 - p_2 = 0 \) - \( H_a: \, p_1 - p_2 < 0 \) Visual representation of hypothesis options (with the correct option selected): - \( \bigcirc \, H_0: \, p_1 - p_2 = 0 \quad H_a: \, p_1 - p_2 \geq 0 \) - \( \bigodot \, H_0: \, p_1 - p_2 = 0 \quad H_a: \, p_1 - p_2 < 0 \) (Selected) - \( \bigcirc \, H_0: \, p_1 - p_2 =
Expert Solution
trending now

Trending now

This is a popular solution!

steps

Step by step

Solved in 3 steps

SEE SOLUTIONCheck out a sample Q&A here
Blurred answer
Recommended textbooks for you
MATLAB: An Introduction with Applications
MATLAB: An Introduction with Applications
Statistics
ISBN:
9781119256830
Author:
Amos Gilat
Publisher:
John Wiley & Sons Inc
Probability and Statistics for Engineering and th…
Probability and Statistics for Engineering and th…
Statistics
ISBN:
9781305251809
Author:
Jay L. Devore
Publisher:
Cengage Learning
Statistics for The Behavioral Sciences (MindTap C…
Statistics for The Behavioral Sciences (MindTap C…
Statistics
ISBN:
9781305504912
Author:
Frederick J Gravetter, Larry B. Wallnau
Publisher:
Cengage Learning
Elementary Statistics: Picturing the World (7th E…
Elementary Statistics: Picturing the World (7th E…
Statistics
ISBN:
9780134683416
Author:
Ron Larson, Betsy Farber
Publisher:
PEARSON
The Basic Practice of Statistics
The Basic Practice of Statistics
Statistics
ISBN:
9781319042578
Author:
David S. Moore, William I. Notz, Michael A. Fligner
Publisher:
W. H. Freeman
Introduction to the Practice of Statistics
Introduction to the Practice of Statistics
Statistics
ISBN:
9781319013387
Author:
David S. Moore, George P. McCabe, Bruce A. Craig
Publisher:
W. H. Freeman
SEE MORE TEXTBOOKS