It is possible that rising air parcels will cool to the dew point temperature. When this happens, a parcel becomes saturated and condensation and clouds form. The height at which this occurs is called the lifting condensation level (LCL). If the air parcel rises above the LCL, R will cool at a slower rate referred to as the wet, moist, or saturated adiabatic lapse rate (SALR) The average wet adiabatic lapse rate ranges between 5 °C and 9 °C per kilometer. It is slower than the dry adiabatic lapse rate because latent heat is released within the parcel as water vapour condenses, causing a warming that partially offsets adiabatic cooling. The SALR varies because the amount of condensation depends both on the amount of water vapour in the parcel and on the atmospheric pressure 9. Consider air parcel A, which is 15 °C at Earth's surface. It is forced to rise 5 km. The lifting condensation level is 3.0 km, above which the parcel cools at an average wet adiabatic lapse rate of 5 °C km". Fill in the left column of Table 2 indicating the parcels changing temperature. 10. Now consider air parcel B with a surface temperature of 20 °C that is forced to rise. It too reaches the LCL at 3.0 km, but the average wet adiabatic lapse rate in this case is 8°C km". Fill in the right column of Table 2 indicating temperature change in the lower 5 km. Parcel A Temperature (°C) 15 Height (k 50 45 40 35 30 25 20 1.5 10 05 surface Parcel B Temperature (°C) 20
It is possible that rising air parcels will cool to the dew point temperature. When this happens, a parcel becomes saturated and condensation and clouds form. The height at which this occurs is called the lifting condensation level (LCL). If the air parcel rises above the LCL, R will cool at a slower rate referred to as the wet, moist, or saturated adiabatic lapse rate (SALR) The average wet adiabatic lapse rate ranges between 5 °C and 9 °C per kilometer. It is slower than the dry adiabatic lapse rate because latent heat is released within the parcel as water vapour condenses, causing a warming that partially offsets adiabatic cooling. The SALR varies because the amount of condensation depends both on the amount of water vapour in the parcel and on the atmospheric pressure 9. Consider air parcel A, which is 15 °C at Earth's surface. It is forced to rise 5 km. The lifting condensation level is 3.0 km, above which the parcel cools at an average wet adiabatic lapse rate of 5 °C km". Fill in the left column of Table 2 indicating the parcels changing temperature. 10. Now consider air parcel B with a surface temperature of 20 °C that is forced to rise. It too reaches the LCL at 3.0 km, but the average wet adiabatic lapse rate in this case is 8°C km". Fill in the right column of Table 2 indicating temperature change in the lower 5 km. Parcel A Temperature (°C) 15 Height (k 50 45 40 35 30 25 20 1.5 10 05 surface Parcel B Temperature (°C) 20
Applications and Investigations in Earth Science (9th Edition)
9th Edition
ISBN:9780134746241
Author:Edward J. Tarbuck, Frederick K. Lutgens, Dennis G. Tasa
Publisher:Edward J. Tarbuck, Frederick K. Lutgens, Dennis G. Tasa
Chapter1: The Study Of Minerals
Section: Chapter Questions
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Transcribed Image Text:It is possible that rising air parcels will cool to the dew point temperature. When this
happens, a parcel becomes saturated and condensation and clouds form. The height at which
this occurs is called the lifting condensation level (LCL). If the air parcel rises above the LCL, it
will cool at a slower rate referred to as the wet, moist, or saturated adiabatic lapse rate (SALR).
The average wet adiabatic lapse rate ranges between 5 °C and 9 °C per kilometer. It is slower
than the dry adiabatic lapse rate because latent heat is released within the parcel as water
vapour condenses, causing a warming that partially offsets adiabatic cooling. The SALR varies
because the amount of condensation depends both on the amount of water vapour in the parcel
and on the atmospheric pressure.
9. Consider air parcel A, which is 15 °C at Earth's surface. It is forced to rise 5 km. The lifting
condensation level is 3.0 km, above which the parcel cools at an average wet adiabatic lapse
rate of 5 °C km. Fill in the left column of Table 2 indicating the parcels changing temperature.
10. Now consider air parcel B with a surface temperature of 20 °C that is forced to rise. It too
reaches the LCL at 3.0 km, but the average wet adiabatic lapse rate in this case is 8 °C km". Fill
in the right column of Table 2 indicating temperature change in the lower 5 km.
Parcel A Temperature (°C)
Height (m)
50
45
40
35
30
25
20
1.5
10
05
surface
Table 2
Parcel B Temperature (°C)
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