It is a written project, you just need to submit a text file in txt, or docx or pfd format and don't have to submit your testing codes. For the following array x [10] =  { 45, 20, 50, 30, 80, 10, 60, 70, 40, 90} show the contents of x after the function call split Pos = split(x, 0, 9) is executed, and give the value of the array index splitPos (the first is the pivot).  Modify quicksort() to incorporate this modification: In quicksort, we do not splitting sublists further when they have fewer than LOWER_BOUND elements for some constant LOWER_BOUND. When execution of the quicksort algorithm terminates, simply sort the whole list using insertion sort. Include the modified code in this document  Use the similar diagram as   for merge-sorting the following list of number

Computer Networking: A Top-Down Approach (7th Edition)
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It is a written project, you just need to submit a text file in txt, or docx or pfd format and don't have to submit your testing codes.

  1. For the following array x [10] =  { 45, 20, 50, 30, 80, 10, 60, 70, 40, 90}
    show the contents of x after the function call split Pos = split(x, 0, 9) is executed, and give the value of the array index splitPos (the first is the pivot). 

  2. Modify quicksort() to incorporate this modification: In quicksort, we do not splitting sublists further when they have fewer than LOWER_BOUND elements for some constant LOWER_BOUND. When execution of the quicksort algorithm terminates, simply sort the whole list using insertion sort. Include the modified code in this document 

  3. Use the similar diagram as

 

for merge-sorting the following list of numbers :

           8, 2, 9, 4, 5, 3, 1, 6

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### Merge Sort Algorithm Visualization

The image illustrates the step-by-step process of the Merge Sort algorithm, which is a divide-and-conquer sorting algorithm. The diagram breaks down the given unsorted array into smaller parts and then merges them back together in a sorted order.

#### Step-by-Step Breakdown:

1. **Initial Array:**
   ```
   [4, 2, 9, 7, 8, 5, 1, 3]
   ```
   
2. **Divide Phase:**
   - The initial array is divided into two halves:
     ```
     [4, 2, 9, 7] and [8, 5, 1, 3]
     ```

   - Each half is recursively divided further into smaller subarrays:
     ```
     [4, 2] and [9, 7] from [4, 2, 9, 7]
     [8, 5] and [1, 3] from [8, 5, 1, 3]
     ```

   - Continue dividing until each subarray contains only one element:
     ```
     [4], [2], [9], [7], [8], [5], [1], [3]
     ```

3. **Merge Phase:**
   - Now, start merging the subarrays back together in sorted order:
     - Merge [4] and [2]:
       ```
       [2, 4]
       ```
     - Merge [9] and [7]:
       ```
       [7, 9]
       ```
     - Merge [8] and [5]:
       ```
       [5, 8]
       ```
     - Merge [1] and [3]:
       ```
       [1, 3]
       ```

   - Merge the newly formed sorted subarrays:
     - Merge [2, 4] and [7, 9]:
       ```
       [2, 4, 7, 9]
       ```
     - Merge [5, 8] and [1, 3]:
       ```
       [1, 3, 5, 8]
       ```

   - Finally, merge the two large sorted subarrays:
     - Merge [2, 4, 7, 9] and [1, 3, 5, 8]:
       ```
       [1, 2, 3, 4,
Transcribed Image Text:### Merge Sort Algorithm Visualization The image illustrates the step-by-step process of the Merge Sort algorithm, which is a divide-and-conquer sorting algorithm. The diagram breaks down the given unsorted array into smaller parts and then merges them back together in a sorted order. #### Step-by-Step Breakdown: 1. **Initial Array:** ``` [4, 2, 9, 7, 8, 5, 1, 3] ``` 2. **Divide Phase:** - The initial array is divided into two halves: ``` [4, 2, 9, 7] and [8, 5, 1, 3] ``` - Each half is recursively divided further into smaller subarrays: ``` [4, 2] and [9, 7] from [4, 2, 9, 7] [8, 5] and [1, 3] from [8, 5, 1, 3] ``` - Continue dividing until each subarray contains only one element: ``` [4], [2], [9], [7], [8], [5], [1], [3] ``` 3. **Merge Phase:** - Now, start merging the subarrays back together in sorted order: - Merge [4] and [2]: ``` [2, 4] ``` - Merge [9] and [7]: ``` [7, 9] ``` - Merge [8] and [5]: ``` [5, 8] ``` - Merge [1] and [3]: ``` [1, 3] ``` - Merge the newly formed sorted subarrays: - Merge [2, 4] and [7, 9]: ``` [2, 4, 7, 9] ``` - Merge [5, 8] and [1, 3]: ``` [1, 3, 5, 8] ``` - Finally, merge the two large sorted subarrays: - Merge [2, 4, 7, 9] and [1, 3, 5, 8]: ``` [1, 2, 3, 4,
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