ISOS Chemopro Ltd is producing a wide range of chemical products. It uses a standard costing system to record and monitor its purchases and usage of materials. For April 2007, the following information was obtained about the purchase and usage of chemical XU377: Actual purchaselusage: Actual price: 14,050 litres £25,852 Because of fire risk and the danger to health, no inventories are held by the business. XU377 is only used in the manufacture of one product called P010. For the production of 2,500 litres of P010, the firm budgeted to use 100 litres of XU377 at a total budgeted cost of £196 (for the 100 litres). During April 2007, 318,750 litres of P010 were produced. Required: a) Calculate the price and efficiency variances for XU377 for April 2007. b) What is the point in flexing the budget in the context of variance analysis? Explain and discuss. c) Why are variance reports a useful tool of management? What are potential problems? Explain and discuss.
Process Costing
Process costing is a sort of operation costing which is employed to determine the value of a product at each process or stage of producing process, applicable where goods produced from a series of continuous operations or procedure.
Job Costing
Job costing is adhesive costs of each and every job involved in the production processes. It is an accounting measure. It is a method which determines the cost of specific jobs, which are performed according to the consumer’s specifications. Job costing is possible only in businesses where the production is done as per the customer’s requirement. For example, some customers order to manufacture furniture as per their needs.
ABC Costing
Cost Accounting is a form of managerial accounting that helps the company in assessing the total variable cost so as to compute the cost of production. Cost accounting is generally used by the management so as to ensure better decision-making. In comparison to financial accounting, cost accounting has to follow a set standard ad can be used flexibly by the management as per their needs. The types of Cost Accounting include – Lean Accounting, Standard Costing, Marginal Costing and Activity Based Costing.
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