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- Consider a small landscaping company run by Mr. Viemeister. He is considering increasing his firm’s capacity. If he adds one more worker, the firm’s total monthly revenue will increase from $50,000 to $62,000. If he adds one more tractor, monthly revenue will increase from $50,000 to $58,000. Each additional worker costs $4,000 per month, while an additional tractor would also cost $4,000 per month. Instructions: Enter your answers as a whole number. a. What is the marginal revenue product of labor? $ The marginal revenue product of capital? $ b. What is the ratio of the marginal revenue product of labor to the price of labor (MRPL/PL)? : What is the ratio of the marginal revenue product of capital to the price of capital (MRPC/PC)? :(12) Suppose all firms in a monopolistically competitive industry were merged into one large firm. Would that new firm produce as many different brands? Would it produce only a single brand? Explain.Consider the competitive market for dress shirts. The following graph shows the marginal cost (MC), average total cost (ATC), and average variable cost (AVC) curves for a typical firm in the industry. (? 100 06 80 70 60 ATC 50 40 30 AVC 20 + MC O 10 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 QUANTITY (Thousands of shirts) For each price in the following table, use the graph to determine the number of shirts this firm would produce in order to maximize its profit. Assume that when the price is exactly equal to the average variable cost, the firm is indifferent between producing zero shirts and the profit-maximizing quantity. Also, indicate whether the firm will produce, shut down, or be indifferent between the two in the short run. Lastly, determine whether it will make a profit, suffer a loss, or break even at each price. Price Quantity (Dollars per shirt) (Shirts) Produce or Shut Down? Profit or Loss? 15 20 25 55 70 85 COSTS (Dollars)
- 18. Which of the following are short-run decisions and which arelong-run decisions?a. General Motors decides to add a second shift to itsArlington, Texas production plant.b. Gotham Foods International chooses to exit the restaurantindustry to concentrate on its wholesale grocerysupply business. c. The Sahara Hotel and Casino in Las Vegas closes two of itsthree hotel towers in response to low demand.d. Tony Andretti, owner of Tony the Taxman, hires five newCPAs to work at his tax preparation business.e. German tool and appliance manufacturer Bosch enters theelectric bicycle industry in 2010.f. General Electric builds a new offshore wind manufacturingplant in the United Kingdom.2. The demand curve facing a competitive firm The following graph shows the daily market for large cardboard boxes in San Francisco. 0123456789104036322824201612840PRICE (Dollars per large box)QUANTITY (Millions of large boxes)DemandSupply Suppose that Talero is one of more than a hundred competitive firms in San Francisco that produce such cardboard boxes. Based on the preceding graph showing the daily market demand and supply curves, the price Talero must take as given is . Fill in the price and the total, marginal, and average revenue Talero earns when it produces 0, 1, 2, or 3 boxes each day. Quantity Price Total Revenue Marginal Revenue Average Revenue (Boxes) (Dollars per box) (Dollars) (Dollars) (Dollars per box) 0 0 – 1 2 3 The demand curve that Talero faces is identical to which of its other curves? Check all that apply. Marginal revenue…4:40 PV E Yo LTE ll 87%I The ethanol bubble_Gro... O More Aplia Econ Blog News for Econ Students MONDAY, NOOVEMBER 05, 2007 The Ethanol Bubble? by William Chiu The New York Times reports that in less than one year, ethanol prices have plummeted over 30%. As a result, there is even talk of a government bailout for ethanol producers in case the price of ethanol falls too low! So, why did price spikes in last year's ethanol market give way to falling prices this year? To understand the price fluctuations, we need to know how the short-run behavior of firms in competitive industries (such as ethanol) differs from their long-run behavior. In the textbook model of perfectly competitive industries, an increase in demand causes the equilibrium price of ethanol to increase in the short run-from P1 to P2 in the diagram below. In the short run, higher ethanol prices lead profits for ethanol producers. higher PRICE OF ETHANOL PRICE OF ETHANOL MC ATC PROFIT 02 42 MARKET QUANTITY OF ETHANOL FIRM…
- 8. Short-run and long run effects of a shift in demand Suppose that the tuna industry is in long-run equilibrium at a price of $5 per can of tuna and a quantity of 350 million cans per year. Suppose that WebMD daims that a protein found in tuna will increase your expected lifespan by 2 years. WebMD's claim will cause consumers to demand more PRICE (Dollars per cani producing more tuna and earning positive profit Shift the demand curve, the supply curve, or both on the following graph to illustrate these short-run effects of WebMD's claim. ? 0 tuna at every price. In the short run, firms will respond by Supply Demand 70 140 210 200 350 420 400 560 630 700 QUANTITY (Millions of cans) Demand -0 Supply2. Consider the iPad, which was introduced by Apple in 2010, and answer the following questions: a. what type of market structure did this initially represent when it was first released? What implications do you think this had in terms of its initial profitability? b. Over the past five years or so, do you think this market has changed in any way? Describe the evolution of this market, and justify your answer by employing theories you have learnt in this unit.4. Suppose a manufacturer and its retailer face the problem of double marginalization described in my notes, Section 11.1. If the manufacturer sets the wholesale price equal to its marginal cost c and in addition, requires the retailer to pay a fraction a (between 0 and 1) of its profit. Write down the retailer's profit maximization problem. Will this practice solve the double marginalization problem? (That is, will this 4.a practice maximize their joint profit?) 4.k Suppose the retailer is required to pay a fraction of a of its sales (i.e., total revenue). Write down the retailer's profit maximization problem. Will this practice solve the double marginalization problem?
- Calculate Kenji's marginal revenue and marginal cost for the first seven shirts he produces, and plot them on the following graph. Use the blue points (circle symbol) to plot marginal revenue and the orange points (square symbol) to plot marginal cost. ? 30 8 COSTS AND REVENUE (Dollars per shirt) 25 15 O 10 0 0 1 2 5 QUANTITY (Shirts) 3 4 6 Kenji's profit is maximized when he produces 7 8 would maximize his profit) is $ which is maximizing quantity corresponds to the intersection of the last condition can also be written as Marginal Revenue shirts. When he does this, the marginal cost of the last shirt he produces is $ which is than the price Kenji receives for each shirt he sells. The marginal cost of producing an additional shirt (that is, one more shirt than than the price Kenji receives for each shirt he sells. Therefore, Kenji's profit- curves. Because Kenji is a price taker, this Marginal CostWhy is knowing (or estimating) the product demand so crucial for a firm? What are the differences between estimating and forecasting demand? In your response, include an example of a business that has suffered from poorly forecasting the demand of its products. Evaluate how or why the business made such a mistake.To keep our discussion more interesting, please use examples that are not from our textbook.(Please attempt thus question if you will provide Solution for both questions below...thanks) 1) If a firm wanted to reduce the annual EOQ cost as a percentage of the annual purchase cost by 50 percent, how would the demand rate have to change? A) Decrease by 50 percent. B) Remain unchanged. C) Increase by 50 percent. D) Double. E) Quadruple. Select correct option and explain answer with Calculation. 2) A firm evaluates its EOQ quantity to equal 180 cases, but it chooses an order quantity of 200 cases. Relative to the order quantity of 180 cases, the order quantity of 200 cases has A) higher ordering cost and higher holding cost. B) higher ordering cost and lower holding cost. C) lower ordering cost and higher holding cost D) lower ordering cost and lower holding cost.
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