Is the high school dropout rate higher for males or females? A random sample of population regions gave the following information about percentage of 15- to 19-year-olds who are high school dropouts. (Reference: Statistical Abstract of the United States, 121st edition.) Region 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Male 7.8 7.1 7.6 21.9 4.1 12.5 3.6 4.7 8.1 9.6 Female 7.4 6.5 6.2 20.5 2.3 5.6 3.7 4.4 12.2 10.9 Region 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 Male 14.3 3.9 3.7 4.8 5.4 6.6 15.2 6.6 8.3 6.4 Female 15.9 6.8 4.1 3.5 9.9 9.4 12.7 3.8 3.8 8.3 Does this information indicate that the dropout rates for males and females are different (either way)? Use α = 0.05. (a) What is the level of significance? (b) Compute the sample test statistic. (Use 2 decimal places.) (c) Find the P-value of the sample test statistic. (Use 4 decimal places.)

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Estimation

A new framework of data analysis where the new statistical methods are used for interpreting the results and analyzing the data is known as estimation in statistics.