Answered: Insects have three thoracic (trunk)…

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)

11th Edition

ISBN:9780134580999

Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn

Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn

Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...

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Insects have three thoracic (trunk) segments. While researchers
have found insect fossils with pairs of wings on all three
segments, modern insects have wings or related structures
on only the second and third segment. It turns out that
in modern insects, Hox gene products act to inhibit wing
formation on the first segment. The treehopper insect (above)
is somewhat of an exception. In addition to having wings
on its second segment, the treehopper’s first segment has an
ornate helmet that resembles a set of thorns, which a recent
study has found to be a modified, fused pair of “wings.” The
thorn-like structure helps to camouflage the treehopper in
tree branches, thus reducing its risk of predation. Explain how
changes in gene regulation could have led to the evolution of
such a structure.

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