indicate which atom in each polar covalent bond would have the partial negative charge and which would have the partial positive charge     H—Cl          Br—C     P—O     F—N

Draw Lewis structures to illustrate the covalent bonding in the following diatomic molecules. a. Br2 b. HBr c. BrF d. IBr

Without actually drawing the Lewis structure, determine how many valence electrons are available for covalent bonding in each of the following molecules. a. CBr4 b. SF2 c. PH3 d. OF2

Classify each bond as nonpolar covalent or polar covalent or state that ions are formed. (a) SH (b) PH (c) CF (d) CCl

Classify each of the following bonds as nonpolar covalent, polar covalent, or ionic on the basis of electronegativity differences. a. ClF b. PH c. CH d. CaO

A polyatomic ion is composed of C, N, and an unknown element X. The skeletal Lewis structure of this polyatomic ion is [XCN]. The ion X2 has an electron configuration of [Ar]4s23d104p6. What is element X? Knowing the identity of X, complete the Lewis structure of the polyatomic ion, including all important resonance structures.

Predict which of the following compounds are ionic and which are covalent, based on the location of their constituent atoms in the periodic table: (a) CI2CO (b) MnO (c) Nd3 (d) CoBr2 (e) K2S (f) CO (g) CaF2 (h) HI (j) CaO (j) IBr (k) CO2

For the indicated atom in each of the following molecules or ions. give the number and arrangement of the electron pairs around that atom. msp;a.AsinA3O43b.SeinSeO42c.SinH2S

Draw Lewis structures to illustrate the bonding in the following molecules. In each case, there will be at least one multiple bond present in a molecule. a. COCl2: Both chlorine atoms and the oxygen atom are bonded to the carbon atom. b. C2H2Br2: The two carbon atoms are bonded to one another. Each carbon atom also has a bromine atom and a hydrogen atom bonded to it. c. C2N2: The two carbon atoms are bonded to one another, and each carbon atom also has a nitrogen bonded to it. d. CH2N2: A central carbon atom has both nitrogen atoms bonded to it. Both hydrogen atoms are bonded to one of the two nitrogen atoms.

The parts of an atom directly involved in ionic bonding are the: a.protons in the nucleus. b.neutrons in the nucleus. c.electrons in the outer energy shell. d.electrons in the innermost energy shell.