Indicate whether each of the following compounds will gave an acidic, basic or neutral solution when dissolved in water. Clear All ammonium iodide barium nitrite sodium iodide calcium bromide The pH will be less than 7. The pH will be approximately equal to 7. The pH will be greater than 7.
Indicate whether each of the following compounds will gave an acidic, basic or neutral solution when dissolved in water. Clear All ammonium iodide barium nitrite sodium iodide calcium bromide The pH will be less than 7. The pH will be approximately equal to 7. The pH will be greater than 7.
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Chapter17: Acid-base(proton Transfer) Reactions
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Indicate whether each of the following compounds will gave an acidic, basic or neutral solution when dissolved in water.
Use the References to access important values if needed for this question.
Indicate whether each of the following compounds will gave an acidic, basic or neutral solution when dissolved in water.
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Transcribed Image Text:The pH of Aqueous Salt Solutions
When a salt dissolves in water it may cause the pH of the solution to change. In order to determine whether the resulting solution will be
acidic, basic, or approximately neutral, you must examine first how the cation interacts with water, and then how the anion interacts
with water.
If, by interacting with water, a WEAK acid or base can form, the salt changes the pH of the solution. The driving force for the reaction is
the formation of the weak acid or base.
Cations of weak bases are ACIDIC. They donate H* to water making the weak base and H3Oo* which reduces the pH of the solution:
NH,* (aq)
+ H,O
NH3(aq)
H,O* (aq)
--->
Donates H*
weak base
ACIDIC solution
Cations of strong bases are NEUTRAL. They do not interact with water:
Na* (aq) + H,0 ---> No Reaction
Anions of weak acids are BASIC. They accept H* from water making the weak acid and OH which increases the pH of the solution:
F (aq)
+ H20
HF(aq)
OH (aq)
Ассepts H*
weak acid
BASIC solution
Anions of strong acids are NEUTRAL. They do not interact with water:
CI" (aq) + H,0
--->
No Reaction
Most anions of polyprotic acids are BASIC, accepting H* from water, although some act as acids and donate a proto
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Transcribed Image Text:Summary - pH of Aqueous Salt Solutions
ACIDIC CATIONS
1. Cations of WEAK Bases
ACIDIC ANIONS
Some anions of polyprotic acids
NH,* (main example in General Chemistry)
HSO,", H,PO4 , HSO;
2. Some Metal cations
Al3+, transition metal ions
NEUTRAL CATIONS
NEUTRAL ANIONS
Cations of STRONG Bases
Anions of STRONG Acids
Li", Na", K*,
cr', Br', I', NO;", ClO;
Ca2+, Ba²+, Sr²+
BASIC CATIONS
BASIC ANIONS
None (think about why)
1. Anions of WEAK acids
F, CH3COO", CIO"
HCOO", CN", NO2
2. Most anions of polyprotic acids
НСО3, HS, HCO;, НРО,
co,?", so,", so, 2, s², PO,-
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