Indicate the second endpoint for a citric acid titration (H3C6H5O7 Ka1-7.01x10-4, Ka2-1.70x10-5, and Ka3-6.46x10-6) with a strong base. Choose the most suitable indicator to visually determine the second endpoint of this titration. Briefly explain your selection and describe the color change seen. a. Methyl Yellow (pKa=3.50) changes from red to yellow b. Methyl red (pKa=5.00) changes from red to yellow c. Bromophenol Blue (pKa=4.10) changes from yellow to blue d. Bromocresol green (pKa=4.70) changes from yellow to green e. Neutral Red (pKa=7.00) changes from red to yellow
Ionic Equilibrium
Chemical equilibrium and ionic equilibrium are two major concepts in chemistry. Ionic equilibrium deals with the equilibrium involved in an ionization process while chemical equilibrium deals with the equilibrium during a chemical change. Ionic equilibrium is established between the ions and unionized species in a system. Understanding the concept of ionic equilibrium is very important to answer the questions related to certain chemical reactions in chemistry.
Arrhenius Acid
Arrhenius acid act as a good electrolyte as it dissociates to its respective ions in the aqueous solutions. Keeping it similar to the general acid properties, Arrhenius acid also neutralizes bases and turns litmus paper into red.
Bronsted Lowry Base In Inorganic Chemistry
Bronsted-Lowry base in inorganic chemistry is any chemical substance that can accept a proton from the other chemical substance it is reacting with.
Indicate the second endpoint for a citric acid titration (H3C6H5O7 Ka1-7.01x10-4, Ka2-1.70x10-5, and Ka3-6.46x10-6) with a strong base. Choose the most suitable indicator to visually determine the second endpoint of this titration. Briefly explain your selection and describe the color change seen.
a. Methyl Yellow (pKa=3.50) changes from red to yellow
b. Methyl red (pKa=5.00) changes from red to yellow
c. Bromophenol Blue (pKa=4.10) changes from yellow to blue
d. Bromocresol green (pKa=4.70) changes from yellow to green
e. Neutral Red (pKa=7.00) changes from red to yellow
f. Bromothymol blue (pKa=7.30) changes from yellow to blue
g. Phenol red (pKa=8.00) changes from yellow to red
h. Phenolphthalein (pKa=9.50) changes from colorless to pink
i. indigo carmine (pKa=12.00) changes from blue to yellow
j. Malachite Green (pKa=12.60) changes from green to colorless
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