Homework Help is Here – Start Your Trial Now!
Science
Chemistry
In what layer would you find each of the following molecules after a base extraction with 10% NaOH? H OH

In what layer would you find each of the following molecules after a base extraction with 10% NaOH? H OH

Chemistry
Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
See similar textbooks
icon
Related questions
Question
100%

The layers are either a organic solvent or aqueous solvent. 

**Question:** In what layer would you find each of the following molecules after a base extraction with 10% NaOH? **Molecules:** 1. **Molecule 1: Biphenyl** - Structure: Two benzene rings connected by a single bond (C6H5-C6H5). 2. **Molecule 2: 4-Chlorotoluene** - Structure: A benzene ring substituted with a methyl group (CH3) and a chlorine atom (Cl) in the para position (C6H4-CH3-Cl). 3. **Molecule 3: Benzaldehyde** - Structure: A benzene ring substituted with an aldehyde group (-CHO) (C6H5-CHO). 4. **Molecule 4: Cyclopropanecarboxylic acid** - Structure: A cyclopropane ring (C3H5) substituted with a carboxylic acid group (-COOH). **Explanation:** When performing a base extraction using 10% NaOH, the acidic components in the mixture will react with the base (NaOH), forming their corresponding conjugate bases (carboxylate or phenoxide ions), which are more water-soluble. These conjugate bases will thus be found in the aqueous layer, while the neutral or non-acidic compounds will remain in the organic layer. - **Biphenyl** (Molecule 1): Non-acidic, non-polar compound. It will remain in the organic layer after extraction. - **4-Chlorotoluene** (Molecule 2): Non-acidic, slightly polar due to the chlorine atom but not enough to dissolve in the aqueous layer. It will remain in the organic layer. - **Benzaldehyde** (Molecule 3): Contains an aldehyde group, which is slightly polar but not acidic enough to react with NaOH. It will remain in the organic layer. - **Cyclopropanecarboxylic acid** (Molecule 4): Contains a carboxylic acid group, which will react with NaOH to form the water-soluble carboxylate salt. It will be found in the aqueous layer after extraction.
Transcribed Image Text:**Question:** In what layer would you find each of the following molecules after a base extraction with 10% NaOH? **Molecules:** 1. **Molecule 1: Biphenyl** - Structure: Two benzene rings connected by a single bond (C6H5-C6H5). 2. **Molecule 2: 4-Chlorotoluene** - Structure: A benzene ring substituted with a methyl group (CH3) and a chlorine atom (Cl) in the para position (C6H4-CH3-Cl). 3. **Molecule 3: Benzaldehyde** - Structure: A benzene ring substituted with an aldehyde group (-CHO) (C6H5-CHO). 4. **Molecule 4: Cyclopropanecarboxylic acid** - Structure: A cyclopropane ring (C3H5) substituted with a carboxylic acid group (-COOH). **Explanation:** When performing a base extraction using 10% NaOH, the acidic components in the mixture will react with the base (NaOH), forming their corresponding conjugate bases (carboxylate or phenoxide ions), which are more water-soluble. These conjugate bases will thus be found in the aqueous layer, while the neutral or non-acidic compounds will remain in the organic layer. - **Biphenyl** (Molecule 1): Non-acidic, non-polar compound. It will remain in the organic layer after extraction. - **4-Chlorotoluene** (Molecule 2): Non-acidic, slightly polar due to the chlorine atom but not enough to dissolve in the aqueous layer. It will remain in the organic layer. - **Benzaldehyde** (Molecule 3): Contains an aldehyde group, which is slightly polar but not acidic enough to react with NaOH. It will remain in the organic layer. - **Cyclopropanecarboxylic acid** (Molecule 4): Contains a carboxylic acid group, which will react with NaOH to form the water-soluble carboxylate salt. It will be found in the aqueous layer after extraction.
Expert Solution
trending now

Trending now

This is a popular solution!

steps

Step by step

Solved in 3 steps with 1 images

SEE SOLUTIONCheck out a sample Q&A here
Blurred answer
Knowledge Booster
Amines
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, chemistry and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.
Similar questions
  • SEE MORE QUESTIONS
Recommended textbooks for you
Chemistry
Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:
9781305957404
Author:
Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:
Cengage Learning
Chemistry
Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:
9781259911156
Author:
Raymond Chang Dr., Jason Overby Professor
Publisher:
McGraw-Hill Education
Principles of Instrumental Analysis
Principles of Instrumental Analysis
Chemistry
ISBN:
9781305577213
Author:
Douglas A. Skoog, F. James Holler, Stanley R. Crouch
Publisher:
Cengage Learning
Organic Chemistry
Organic Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:
9780078021558
Author:
Janice Gorzynski Smith Dr.
Publisher:
McGraw-Hill Education
Chemistry: Principles and Reactions
Chemistry: Principles and Reactions
Chemistry
ISBN:
9781305079373
Author:
William L. Masterton, Cecile N. Hurley
Publisher:
Cengage Learning
Elementary Principles of Chemical Processes, Bind…
Elementary Principles of Chemical Processes, Bind…
Chemistry
ISBN:
9781118431221
Author:
Richard M. Felder, Ronald W. Rousseau, Lisa G. Bullard
Publisher:
WILEY
SEE MORE TEXTBOOKS