Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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Transcribed Image Text:**Understanding Brønsted-Lowry Acids in Reactions**
**Question:** In this reaction, which is the Brønsted-Lowry acid?
**Diagram Explanation:**
The diagram illustrates a chemical reaction sequence, showcasing the interaction between different molecules and ions. The goal is to identify which species acts as a Brønsted-Lowry acid by donating a proton (H⁺).
1. **Starting Materials:**
- **A**: Depicts the iodine ion (I⁻) approaching the reaction.
2. **Intermediate Steps:**
- **B**: Shows water (H₂O) donating a proton to an iodine ion, forming a hydronium ion (H₃O⁺) and iodide ion (I⁻).
- **C**: Illustrates the iodine ion (I⁻) abstracting a hydrogen from the hydronium ion (H₃O⁺), further progressing the reaction.
- **D**: Focuses on the transfer of the proton from H₃O⁺ to I⁻, forming hydroxide (OH⁻) and hydronium (HI).
3. **Final Products:**
- Hydroxide (OH⁻) and hydronium iodide (HI) are formed as the end products of this reaction sequence.
**Conclusion:**
- In the context of the Brønsted-Lowry theory, a Brønsted-Lowry acid is defined as a species that donates a proton. In this reaction, the water molecule (H₂O) acts as the Brønsted-Lowry acid. It donates a proton to form the hydronium ion (H₃O⁺).
Understanding this concept is crucial for analyzing acid-base reactions, as it helps identify the role of each reactant in proton transfer processes.
Expert Solution
Step 1
According to the Bronsted Lowry concept , Acid gives H+ ion to the base.
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