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In the space provided, draw the structure of valine (val) at each of the following pH values. Valine has a pl of 5.97. a) pH = 4.34 CH3 CH-CH, H2N-C-COOH Valine (Val) b) pH = 5.97 %3D

In the space provided, draw the structure of valine (val) at each of the following pH values. Valine has a pl of 5.97. a) pH = 4.34 CH3 CH-CH, H2N-C-COOH Valine (Val) b) pH = 5.97 %3D

Chemistry
Chemistry
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ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
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### Understanding the Structure of Valine at Different pH Levels **Valine** is an essential amino acid with a pI (isoelectric point) of 5.97. The structure of valine will vary depending on the pH of the environment. Below are the structures of valine at the given pH levels. #### Structure of Valine The chemical structure of valine (Val) is shown below: ``` CH3 | H2N—C—CH | | H CH3 | COOH ``` #### a) pH = 4.34 At a pH below the isoelectric point (pI = 5.97), valine will tend to gain protons (H+) due to the acidic environment. The amino group (NH2) will become positively charged (NH3+). #### b) pH = 5.97 At a pH equal to the isoelectric point, valine is in its zwitterionic form. In this state, the amino group (NH2) is protonated to NH3+, and the carboxyl group (COOH) is deprotonated to COO-. --- ### Explanation of Diagrams The provided diagrams and structures would illustrate the specific forms of valine at the indicated pH levels: - **pH = 4.34:** Here, the valine will have the following form: ``` CH3 | H3N—C—CH | | H CH3 | COOH ``` - **pH = 5.97:** Here, the valine will have the following zwitterionic form: ``` CH3 | H3N—C—CH | | H CH3 | COO- ``` By understanding these structures, students can better grasp how amino acids behave in different pH environments, which is crucial for their roles in biological systems and protein structures.
Transcribed Image Text:### Understanding the Structure of Valine at Different pH Levels **Valine** is an essential amino acid with a pI (isoelectric point) of 5.97. The structure of valine will vary depending on the pH of the environment. Below are the structures of valine at the given pH levels. #### Structure of Valine The chemical structure of valine (Val) is shown below: ``` CH3 | H2N—C—CH | | H CH3 | COOH ``` #### a) pH = 4.34 At a pH below the isoelectric point (pI = 5.97), valine will tend to gain protons (H+) due to the acidic environment. The amino group (NH2) will become positively charged (NH3+). #### b) pH = 5.97 At a pH equal to the isoelectric point, valine is in its zwitterionic form. In this state, the amino group (NH2) is protonated to NH3+, and the carboxyl group (COOH) is deprotonated to COO-. --- ### Explanation of Diagrams The provided diagrams and structures would illustrate the specific forms of valine at the indicated pH levels: - **pH = 4.34:** Here, the valine will have the following form: ``` CH3 | H3N—C—CH | | H CH3 | COOH ``` - **pH = 5.97:** Here, the valine will have the following zwitterionic form: ``` CH3 | H3N—C—CH | | H CH3 | COO- ``` By understanding these structures, students can better grasp how amino acids behave in different pH environments, which is crucial for their roles in biological systems and protein structures.
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