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In the following code sequence, show the value of AL after each shift or rotate instruction has executed: mov al, 0D4h shr al, 1 a. mov al, 0D4h sar al, 1 b. mov al, 0D4h sar al, 4. c. mov al, 0D4h rol al, 1. d.

In the following code sequence, show the value of AL after each shift or rotate instruction has executed: mov al, 0D4h shr al, 1 a. mov al, 0D4h sar al, 1 b. mov al, 0D4h sar al, 4. c. mov al, 0D4h rol al, 1. d.

Computer Networking: A Top-Down Approach (7th Edition)
Computer Networking: A Top-Down Approach (7th Edition)
7th Edition
ISBN:9780133594140
Author:James Kurose, Keith Ross
Publisher:James Kurose, Keith Ross
Chapter1: Computer Networks And The Internet
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Problem R1RQ: What is the difference between a host and an end system? List several different types of end...
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### Understanding Assembly Language: Shift and Rotate Instructions In the context of Assembly language programming, it is crucial to understand the behavior of shift and rotate instructions. The following example illustrates how values are altered through a series of such instructions. #### Example Code Sequence ```assembly mov al, 0D4h shr al, 1 ; a. mov al, 0D4h sar al, 1 ; b. mov al, 0D4h sar al, 4 ; c. mov al, 0D4h rol al, 1 ; d. ``` ### Explanation of Instructions 1. `mov al, 0D4h`: - This instruction moves the hexadecimal value `0D4h` into the AL register. 2. `shr al, 1` (a.): - **Logical Shift Right (shr)** instruction shifts all bits in the AL register to the right by the specified number of positions. The vacant bits on the left are filled with zeros. 3. `sar al, 1` (b.): - **Arithmetic Shift Right (sar)** instruction shifts all bits in the AL register to the right by the specified number of positions. The vacant bits on the left are filled with the value of the most significant bit (sign bit), preserving the sign of the value. 4. `sar al, 4` (c.): - Similar to the previous arithmetic shift operation but shifts the bits to the right by 4 positions. 5. `rol al, 1` (d.): - **Rotate Left (rol)** instruction shifts all bits in the AL register to the left by one position. The bit that falls off from the most significant bit (MSB) is placed into the least significant bit (LSB). ### Resulting Values - After `mov al, 0D4h`, the binary representation of `0D4h` is `11010100b`. a. `shr al, 1`: - Original: `11010100b` - Result: `01101010b` (The bit on the far right is discarded, and a 0 is added on the far left) b. `sar al, 1`: - Original: `11010100b` - Result: `11101010b` (The bit
Transcribed Image Text:### Understanding Assembly Language: Shift and Rotate Instructions In the context of Assembly language programming, it is crucial to understand the behavior of shift and rotate instructions. The following example illustrates how values are altered through a series of such instructions. #### Example Code Sequence ```assembly mov al, 0D4h shr al, 1 ; a. mov al, 0D4h sar al, 1 ; b. mov al, 0D4h sar al, 4 ; c. mov al, 0D4h rol al, 1 ; d. ``` ### Explanation of Instructions 1. `mov al, 0D4h`: - This instruction moves the hexadecimal value `0D4h` into the AL register. 2. `shr al, 1` (a.): - **Logical Shift Right (shr)** instruction shifts all bits in the AL register to the right by the specified number of positions. The vacant bits on the left are filled with zeros. 3. `sar al, 1` (b.): - **Arithmetic Shift Right (sar)** instruction shifts all bits in the AL register to the right by the specified number of positions. The vacant bits on the left are filled with the value of the most significant bit (sign bit), preserving the sign of the value. 4. `sar al, 4` (c.): - Similar to the previous arithmetic shift operation but shifts the bits to the right by 4 positions. 5. `rol al, 1` (d.): - **Rotate Left (rol)** instruction shifts all bits in the AL register to the left by one position. The bit that falls off from the most significant bit (MSB) is placed into the least significant bit (LSB). ### Resulting Values - After `mov al, 0D4h`, the binary representation of `0D4h` is `11010100b`. a. `shr al, 1`: - Original: `11010100b` - Result: `01101010b` (The bit on the far right is discarded, and a 0 is added on the far left) b. `sar al, 1`: - Original: `11010100b` - Result: `11101010b` (The bit
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