In the following Born–Haber cycle for the formation of sodium chloride from its elements, which step (A–E) corresponds to a) lattice energy of NaCl b) electron affinity of Cl c) ionization energy of Na d) bond energy of Cl e) energy of vaporization of Na
Thermochemistry
Thermochemistry can be considered as a branch of thermodynamics that deals with the connections between warmth, work, and various types of energy, formed because of different synthetic and actual cycles. Thermochemistry describes the energy changes that occur as a result of reactions or chemical changes in a substance.
Exergonic Reaction
The term exergonic is derived from the Greek word in which ‘ergon’ means work and exergonic means ‘work outside’. Exergonic reactions releases work energy. Exergonic reactions are different from exothermic reactions, the one that releases only heat energy during the course of the reaction. So, exothermic reaction is one type of exergonic reaction. Exergonic reaction releases work energy in different forms like heat, light or sound. For example, a glow stick releases light making that an exergonic reaction and not an exothermic reaction since no heat is released. Even endothermic reactions at very high temperature are exergonic.
In the following Born–Haber cycle for the formation of sodium chloride from its elements, which step (A–E) corresponds to
a) lattice energy of NaCl
b)
c) ionization energy of Na
d) bond energy of Cl
e) energy of vaporization of Na
Born-Haber cycle helps to analyse the energies in a reaction and lattice energy can be calculated.
It is based on Hess law that is" the total enthalpy of the reaction remains the same whether a reaction takes place in one step or it takes place in several steps".
It involves many steps as electron affinity, ionization energy, sublimation energy the heat of formation and dissociation energy.
It is a cycle of enthalpy change of process that leads to the formation of solid crystalline ionic compound from the elemental atoms in their standard state and the enthalpy of formation of the solid compound such that the net enthalpy becomes zero.
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