In the following block diagrams list the order of events from oldest to youngest.

Applications and Investigations in Earth Science (9th Edition)
9th Edition
ISBN:9780134746241
Author:Edward J. Tarbuck, Frederick K. Lutgens, Dennis G. Tasa
Publisher:Edward J. Tarbuck, Frederick K. Lutgens, Dennis G. Tasa
Chapter1: The Study Of Minerals
Section: Chapter Questions
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In the following block diagrams list the order of events from oldest to youngest.

**Lab: Steno’s Laws**

**Purpose:** At the end of this lab you will:
1) Understand how to use Steno’s laws for relative dating rock units

**Part 1 – Steno’s Laws**

In this activity we will apply Steno’s laws and the physical principles of geology that we discussed in lecture. Steno’s laws are an example of how you can use the relationship between rock layers to determine relative ages for specific events. If you would like a refresher on Steno’s laws please take a look at your lecture notes or listen to the Steno’s Law’s lab introduction. Please read this lab instructions document, but download the lab answers page (*which is a fill-in-able word doc*) to add your responses and then upload that file.

**Procedure:** In the following block diagrams, list the order of events from oldest to youngest.

**Diagram Explanation:**

The diagram is a block model illustrating rock layers and geological features. Each layer is labeled with letters (e.g., A, B, C, etc.). The task requires applying Steno's laws to determine the sequence of geological events presented in the layers.

- **Layers and Features:**
  - Horizontal and angled strata with various textures and colors.
  - Intrusions and faults are visible, cutting through different layers, labeled with features like G, I, K, etc.
  - Notice the cross-cutting relationships where some features disrupt existing layers, providing clues about the sequence of formation.

The goal is to analyze the diagram, considering principles like the Law of Superposition, Original Horizontality, and Cross-Cutting Relationships to establish the chronological order of the formations from oldest to youngest.
Transcribed Image Text:**Lab: Steno’s Laws** **Purpose:** At the end of this lab you will: 1) Understand how to use Steno’s laws for relative dating rock units **Part 1 – Steno’s Laws** In this activity we will apply Steno’s laws and the physical principles of geology that we discussed in lecture. Steno’s laws are an example of how you can use the relationship between rock layers to determine relative ages for specific events. If you would like a refresher on Steno’s laws please take a look at your lecture notes or listen to the Steno’s Law’s lab introduction. Please read this lab instructions document, but download the lab answers page (*which is a fill-in-able word doc*) to add your responses and then upload that file. **Procedure:** In the following block diagrams, list the order of events from oldest to youngest. **Diagram Explanation:** The diagram is a block model illustrating rock layers and geological features. Each layer is labeled with letters (e.g., A, B, C, etc.). The task requires applying Steno's laws to determine the sequence of geological events presented in the layers. - **Layers and Features:** - Horizontal and angled strata with various textures and colors. - Intrusions and faults are visible, cutting through different layers, labeled with features like G, I, K, etc. - Notice the cross-cutting relationships where some features disrupt existing layers, providing clues about the sequence of formation. The goal is to analyze the diagram, considering principles like the Law of Superposition, Original Horizontality, and Cross-Cutting Relationships to establish the chronological order of the formations from oldest to youngest.
The image contains two diagrams labeled as "B" and "C" representing geological cross-sections.

### Diagram B Description:

- **A**: Represents the topsoil layer, which is the uppermost layer of soil. It is generally dark due to the presence of organic material.
- **B**: A large sediment deposit, possibly a glacial feature such as a till, characterized by unsorted material.
- **C**: A boundary separating sediment layers A and B, indicating an erosional surface or unconformity.
- **D**: A body of rock or consolidated material interspersed within layer B, possibly indicating more rigid bedrock or a distinct geologic unit.

### Diagram C Description:

- **B**: Top sediment layer, similar to the topsoil in Diagram B.
- **F**: A thin, wavy layer below B, representing a finer sediment or temporary deposit, possibly indicating periods of calm water deposition.
- **A**: Indicates a boundary, similar to the one found in Diagram B, suggesting contact between sediment layers with different characteristics.
- **C**: Represents a stratified, horizontal brick-like layer, suggesting sedimentary rock, possibly shale or sandstone.
- **D**: A boundary line running diagonally, possibly showing the angle of deposition or tectonic tilting.
- **E**: A sloped layer consisting of pebbles or cobbles, indicative of a gravel deposit.
- **G**: The bottommost layer, consisting of coarse materials, which could be a deeper gravel or sand deposit.

### Overall Explanation:

These diagrams likely represent stratigraphic sequences, illustrating how different geological processes have deposited and altered various sediment layers over time. These images are useful for understanding concepts such as sedimentation, erosion, and tectonic activity in earth science.
Transcribed Image Text:The image contains two diagrams labeled as "B" and "C" representing geological cross-sections. ### Diagram B Description: - **A**: Represents the topsoil layer, which is the uppermost layer of soil. It is generally dark due to the presence of organic material. - **B**: A large sediment deposit, possibly a glacial feature such as a till, characterized by unsorted material. - **C**: A boundary separating sediment layers A and B, indicating an erosional surface or unconformity. - **D**: A body of rock or consolidated material interspersed within layer B, possibly indicating more rigid bedrock or a distinct geologic unit. ### Diagram C Description: - **B**: Top sediment layer, similar to the topsoil in Diagram B. - **F**: A thin, wavy layer below B, representing a finer sediment or temporary deposit, possibly indicating periods of calm water deposition. - **A**: Indicates a boundary, similar to the one found in Diagram B, suggesting contact between sediment layers with different characteristics. - **C**: Represents a stratified, horizontal brick-like layer, suggesting sedimentary rock, possibly shale or sandstone. - **D**: A boundary line running diagonally, possibly showing the angle of deposition or tectonic tilting. - **E**: A sloped layer consisting of pebbles or cobbles, indicative of a gravel deposit. - **G**: The bottommost layer, consisting of coarse materials, which could be a deeper gravel or sand deposit. ### Overall Explanation: These diagrams likely represent stratigraphic sequences, illustrating how different geological processes have deposited and altered various sediment layers over time. These images are useful for understanding concepts such as sedimentation, erosion, and tectonic activity in earth science.
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