In the early 1900s, cities such as Philadelphia reduced the incidence of typhoid fever by:   Question 1 options:   A)  isolating human carriers.   B)  using tertiary water treatment systems.   C)  filtering municipal drinking water through sand-bed filters.   D)  requiring residents to boil drinking water.

Q: Select all of the following that applies to the tradeoff between transmission and virulence that…

A: Tradeoff means when one event cannot increase without a decrease in another.

Q: Which statement concerning sporotrichosis is false?a) It is characterized by ulcerating lesions…

A: Answer: Introduction: Sporotrichosis means a contamination occurred due to a fungus known as…

Q: A vaccine that employs a toxoid is based upon a ______. A) antibody B) attenuated virus C) histamine…

A: A vaccination is a pharmacological substance that enhances a person's resistance to specific…

Q: There are fewer antifungal, anti protozoal, and antihelminth drugs compared to antibacterial drugs…

A: The antifungal drug is a drug that is used to kill the fungus. The antiprotozoal drug is a drug that…

Q: Children with ________ should avoid exposure to allergens and triggers such as pollen, dust mites,…

A: Chronic asthma is a respiratory disease that causes inflammation and airway narrowing. Breathing…

Q: Scenario: In a rural community, a 45-year-old farmer presents with a persistent cough, weight loss,…

A: Pneumonia, tuberculosis, lung cancer and asthma are all respiratory conditions that affect the lungs…

Q: Which disease has an environmental reservoir (i.e., soil, water)? A) O pneumonia B) O rabies C) O…

A: Natural reservoirs are a specific population or environment of the organism that act as reservoirs…

Q: How would the occurrence of the common cold be classified? a)sporadic b)endemic c)pandemic…

A: Common cold or simply cold is an upper respiratory tract infection which can be transmitted by…

Q: What is the length of the infectious period given β =  0.002 S = 500 y = 0.2, R0= 5, and threshold…

A: R0 can be defined as the basic reproductive number of a contagious disease. It is represented by the…

Q: Which of these statements about tetanus is true?a) It can start from a bee sting.b) Immunization is…

A: Answer: Introduction: Tetanus means a contamination or infection occurred by Clostridium tetani…

Q: Which of the following is not an explanation for the lack of Hepatitis C eradication? A) High rate…

A: The fact that hepatitis C strains do not exhibit broad resistance to antiviral drugs is not often…

Q: Which of these statements about cat scratch disease is false?a) It is a common cause of chronic…

A: Which of these statements about cat scratch disease is false?

Q: B) Large scale clinical trials infecting human with pig whipworm were halted because those in…

A: Worm therapy is a kind of alternative treatment which has been searched in order to fight from…

Q: primary prevention approach

A: The prevention of diseases are divided into 3 subdivisions such as the following, Primary…

Q: Why does Helicobacter pylori cause ulceractions in the lining of the Stomach? 1)The microbes secrete…

A: Helicobacter pylori is a type of bacteria that can infect the stomach and cause illness.

Q: A person infected with an infectious agent, able to transmit disease but is asymptomatic without any…

A: Several bacteria, viruses and parasites can cause harmful infectious disease. It is important to…

Q: Which statistic below is the best example of incidence of a disease? A) In 2005, 2 million…

A: Disease in a population is categorized as either prevalent or incident cases. When a person is…

Q: All of the following are thought to contribute to the emergence of disease excepta) advances in…

A: The answer to the above question is option e i.e. widespread vaccination programs .  These vaccines…

Q: 5)How does the rate of disease transmission vary with the distribution of individuals? a)Population…

A: Diseases transmission means spread out of a perticular pathogen among the organisms. If it spread…

Q: Respiratory syncytial virusa) is a leading cause of serious lower respiratory tract infections in…

A: Viruses are extremely small organisms that either has RNA or DNA as their genetic code and are…

Q: Which of these diseases is spread by needle sticks   Question  options: A) Hepatitis C B) Rocky…

A: Needlestick injury can be defined as the penetration of skin by a hypodermic needle or other sharp…

Q: Tuberculosis continues to be a serious health concern in many parts of the world. A) true B) false

A: An airborne infection that mainly affects the lungs, tuberculosis (TB) is contagious. Your brain and…

Q: Which of the following sentences is NOT correct: a)CMV causes heterophil-negative mononucleosis…

A: Viruses are one of the pathogens affecting humans. Several viruses cause different diseases in…

Q: Which of the following statements about botulism is true?a) It is caused by Bacillus botulinum, an…

A: Any organism capable of causing a disease or an infection is called a pathogen. There are many…

Q: All of the following are true of Legionnaires’ disease excepta) the causative organism can grow…

A: Protozoa include single-celled eukaryotes and can be free-living or parasitic. These feed on organic…

Q: Which of the following statements is false?a) A disease with a long incubation period might spread…

A: The immune framework is an organization of natural cycles that shields a living being from diseases.…

Q: Which of these statements concerning Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease(CJD) and vCJD is true?a) CJD occurs…

A: Prions or proteinaceous infectious agents are some of the protein molecule-based disease-causing…

Q: There are skin illnesses that look different on Caucasian and on some other race's skin. 1) Find…

A: Introduction  Skin is the largest organ of the human body and is composed of several layers of…

Q: Which of these statements concerning foodborne botulism is false?a) It is not a central nervous…

A: Botox (Clostridium botulinum toxin) is a neurotoxin isolated from the clostridium botulinum bacteria…

Q: Part A) What barrier was breached by the pathogen? Part B) Describe how that barrier works and how…

A: During pregnancy maternal infections also known as prenatal infections. Maternal infections can…

Q: Hepatitis virus destroys the cells and may cause the disease: A) Jaundice B) Malaria C) Typhoid D)…

A: Viruses are obligate parasites that multiply and reproduce only within their host cells.

Q: What is the arthropod's role in disease transmission such as malaria?   Question 7 options:   a)…

A: Arthropods, especially ticks and mosquitoes, are responsible for a number of parasitic and viral…

Q: Which of the following diseases is least likely to be transmitted by water? a) Hepatitis A b)…

A: Pathogenic microorganisms transmitted through contaminated water produce water-borne illnesses.

Q: As part of your job in an international pharmaceutical company you are given the task of: a)…

A: Vitamin C ( L-ascorbate) is one of the biomolecules which many animals can biosynthesize, but not…

Q: Which of the following are hosts of West Nile virus which are also responsible for infecting…

A: The illness caused by micro-organisms like bacteria, parasites, fungi and acellular organisms like…

Q: Match the following examples to the appropriate type of symbiosis.   - A microbe that lives inside…

A: Introduction:-  a) Symbiosis:- Symbiosis is a close ecological relationship between the individuals…

Q: Q44 Giardia is a prominent water-borne pathogen. A) True B)  False

A: The genus Giardia was first seen by Leeuwenhoek (1681) while examine his own stool. Majority of the…

Q: The purpose of an analytical study is toa) identify the person, place, and time of an outbreak.b)…

A: Answer is b.)identify risk factors that result in high frequencies of disease.

Q: Adenoviral infections and the common cold are botha) caused by picornaviruses.b) often associated…

A: Adenoviruses are catagories of viruses that generally cause respiratory diseases, like a standard…

Q: Which diseases did doctors need to rule out in the process of identifying Zika as the cause of…

A: The virus that causes the Zika virus disease is mostly spread by Aedes mosquitoes. Mild fever, skin…

Q: The disease histoplasmosisa) is caused by an encapsulated bacterium.b) is contracted by inhaling…

A: Histoplasmosis is an infection caused by Histoplasma capsulatum. It is a true fungal pathogen and…

Q: If you and your family all develop infectious diarrhea, the most likely portal of entry for the…

A: Pathogens are the organisms that are capable of disrupting the normal physiological balance of an…

Q: A likely factor involved in the recent emergence ofnosocomial Clostridium difficile infections…

A: Clostridium difficile infections occur by the bacteria and the bacteria cause infection through its…