In the circulatory system, red blood cells are constantly being destroyed and replaced. They carry oxygen throughout the body and they must be main- tained at a constant level. The spleen filters out and destroys a fraction of the cells daily and the bone marrow produces a number proportional to the num- ber lost on the previous day. The cll count on day is modeled as follows (see Edelstein-Keshet, 1988, pp. 27, 33): R, = number of red blood cells in circulation on day t. M, = number of red blood cells produced by marrow on day t. f = fraction of red blood cells removed by spleen, 0 < f < 1. y = production constant, y > 0. The system of difference equations satisfied by R, and M, is R, = (1 - )R, + M,, M = yfR,. (a) Express the system as a matrix equation X, = AX,. Find the cigenvalues of A and determine their sign. (b) Let the positive eigenvalue A, = 1 (R, is approximately constant); then what does this imply about y? (c) Let A1 = 1. Find A2. Then describe the behavior of R.

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In the circulatory system, red blood cells are constantly being destroyed and
replaced. They carry oxygen throughout the body and they must be main-
tained at a constant level. The spleen filters out and destroys a fraction of the
cells daily and the bone marrow produces a number proportional to the num-
ber lost on the previous day. The cell count on day is modeled as follows
(see Edelstein-Keshet, 1988, pp. 27, 33):
R, = number of red blood cells in circulation on day t.
M, = number of red blood cells produced by marrow on day t.
f = fraction of red blood cells removed by spleen, 0 < f < 1.
y = production constant, y > 0.
The system of difference equations satisfied by R, and M, is
%3D
%3D
R,1 = (1 - )R, + M,,
M,H = yfR,.
%3D
(a) Express the system as a matrix equation X41 = AX,. Find the cigenvalucs
of A and determine their sign.
(b) Let the positive eigenvalue A, = 1 (R, is approximately constant): then
what does this imply about y?
(c) Let Aj = 1. Find A2. Then describe the behavior of R.
Transcribed Image Text:In the circulatory system, red blood cells are constantly being destroyed and replaced. They carry oxygen throughout the body and they must be main- tained at a constant level. The spleen filters out and destroys a fraction of the cells daily and the bone marrow produces a number proportional to the num- ber lost on the previous day. The cell count on day is modeled as follows (see Edelstein-Keshet, 1988, pp. 27, 33): R, = number of red blood cells in circulation on day t. M, = number of red blood cells produced by marrow on day t. f = fraction of red blood cells removed by spleen, 0 < f < 1. y = production constant, y > 0. The system of difference equations satisfied by R, and M, is %3D %3D R,1 = (1 - )R, + M,, M,H = yfR,. %3D (a) Express the system as a matrix equation X41 = AX,. Find the cigenvalucs of A and determine their sign. (b) Let the positive eigenvalue A, = 1 (R, is approximately constant): then what does this imply about y? (c) Let Aj = 1. Find A2. Then describe the behavior of R.
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