In insects, primary symbionts are ________, while secondary symbionts are ________. able to replicate outside of the host / obligate symbionts heritable / nitrogen fixers required for host reproduction / not required for host reproduction axenic symbionts / sometimes free-living
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In insects, primary symbionts are ________, while secondary symbionts are ________.
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- Arthropods transmit disease by injecting microbes when they bite a victim. This insect is classified as a ___ miasma fomite mechanical vector biological vectora___ vector is something that participates during the life cycle of a parasiteLocation Disease in the Host Morphology Infective stage produced Cyst Trophozoite human body
- The parasite is capable ofindependent existence in addition to parasitic life. E.g. Strongyloidsstercolaris, Naegleria fowleri, etc. called as Obligate parasites * true FalseTesting Biological Control Ant-decapitating phorid flies are just one of the biological control agents used to battle imported fire ants. Researchers have also enlisted the help of Thelohania solenopsae, another natural enemy of the ants. This microsporidian (Section 23.4) is a parasite that infects ants and shrinks the ovaries of the colony's egg-producing female (the queen). As a result, a colony dwindles in numbers and eventually dies out. Are these biological controls useful against imported fire ants? To find out, USDA scientists treated infested areas with either traditional pesticides or pesticides plus biological controls (both flies and the parasite). The scientists left some plots untreated as controls. FIGURE 45.28 shows the results. FIGURE 45.28 A comparison of two methods of controlling red imported fire ants. The graph shows numbers of imported fire ants over a 28-month period Orange triangles represent untreated control plots. Green circles are plots treated with pesticides alone Black squares are plots treated with pesticide and biological control agents (phorid flies along with a microsporidian parasite). 3. If this study had ended after the first year, would you conclude that biological controls had a major effect?The term for a disease that has an unknown cause is ___. noxious idiopathic necrotic iatrogenic
- Protozoan Infections Helminth Infestation Transmission Leishmaniasis, Chaga's disease, and African sleeping Adults can through sex, contaminated be seen with Multicellular the naked parasites vehicles, or vectors sickness eye Life cycle involves egg and larval stages Trypanosoma Trophozoite/Cyst Larvae Usual sources are Single- celled contaminated food/water or parasites infected Reduviid Bug animalsEach of the following parasite is transmitted by insect EXCEPT: Leishmania tropica Plasmodium vivax Entamoeba histolytica RickettsiaWater-related activities such as swimming underwater, diving. or other water sports can result in water going up the nose. Promitosis Amebae penetrate the nasal mucosa Trophozoite Flagellated form Amebae migrate to the brain via the olfactory nerves causing primary amebic meningoencephalitis (PAM) in healthy individuals Vector borne parasite Facultative parasite Obligate parasite Ectoparasite Trophozoites in CSF and brain tissue Flagellated forms occasionally in CSF Cyst A=Infective Stage Diagnostic Stage CDC SAFER-HEALTHIER PEOPLE" Observe this life cycle for Naegleria fowleri, an amoebic protozoan also called "the brain eating amoeba". N. fowleri usually completes its entire life cycle by eating bacteria (e.g., in pond water). What is an appropriate term for its relationship with humans?
- The outer covering of a virion is called the ___. capsid cell membrane cell wall capsuleAnimal Taxonomy (Protista) Comparison Intermediate Euglena Trypanosoma Plasmodium Paramecium Amoeba host Definite host Habitat Disease Vector Infective stage locomotion Feeding Reproduction Major characteristics Life cycleChoose correct answers. | Many larvae of Cecidomyiidae feed within plant tissues, making galls. | Unlike most groups of flies, Cecidomyiidae has hairy wings. | Both male and female Mealybugs have no wings. |Eastern Subterranean Termite has symbiotic microbes in their hind gut. Cooley's Spruce Gall Adelgid female can reproduce without mating.