In individuals with cardiovascular disease, what is the cause of angina pectoris/chest pain? A) Necrosis/Infarction of cardiomyocytes B) Insufficient oxygen supply to cardiomyocytes C) Remodeling of cardiomyocytes compressing the lungs D) Decline in oxygen supply to cardiomyocytes

A patient who has recently had a myocardial infarction (MI) has started therapy with a beta blocker. The nurse explains that the main purpose of the beta blocker for this patient is to a) cause vasodilation of the coronary arteries.b) prevent hypertension.c) increase conduction through the SA node.d) protect the heart from circulating catecholamines

Why do cardiac enzymes rise after an acute myocardial infarction? a) Cardiac enzymes leak from the damaged muscle fibers into the bloodstream. Ob) White blood cells are attracted to the site of muscle injury. Oc) Blood flow to the injured muscle is increased. d) Injured fibers increase their synthesis of cardiac muscle enzymes.

A patient with a suspected myocardial infarction is brought to the emergency department. Which diagnostic test is most appropriate for confirming the diagnosis? A) Echocardiogram B) Troponin level C) Electrocardiogram (ECG) D) Chest X-ray

The preoperative characteristic of patients likely to experience postoperative ischemia after noncardiac surgery include() A) Angina B) More than three premature ventricular contractions(PVCs) per minute C) Dyspnea on exertion D) Age greater than 60 years E) Fever

Which medication is commonly administered to treat a myocardial infarction by reducing myocardial oxygen demand and improving blood flow to the heart? a) Lisinopril b) Metoprolol c) Clopidogrel d) Nitroglycerin

What comes first in cardiac disease illness and progression: a) Congestive Heart Disease, b) Acute Coronary Syndrome or c) Coronary Artery Disease? Discuss the worst or most severe possible outcome if a patient acquires all these diseases at one time.

With which of the following patients should you remain alert to the possible development of right-sided heart failure? O a) 68-year-old man with dehydration 5 years after having a myocardial infarction Ob) 60-year-old man with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Oc) 27-year-old woman taking excessive amounts of thyroid hormone to promote weight loss O d) 40-year-old woman who broke an ankle while training for a marathon

Your client is assessed in the emergency department with shock related to cardiac tamponade (bleeding into the pericardial cavity).  What form of shock best describes your client's condition? Question 16 options: a)  Distributive shock b)  Cardiogenic shock c)  Hypovolemic shock d)  Obstructive shock

Pick all the correct answers that help diagnose a myocardial infarction. A) electrocardiogram B) blood glucose level C) symptoms including chest pain, sweating, and sometimes nausea D) blood test measuring cardiac markers in the blood (Creatine kinase MB, troponins, etc).