In Exercises 1–4, each of the linear systems has one eigenvalue and one line of eigen- vectors. For each system, (a) find the eigenvalue; (b) find an eigenvector; (c) sketch the direction field; (d) sketch the phase portrait, including the solution curve with initial condition Yo = (1, 0); and (e) sketch the x(t)- and y(t)-graphs of the solution with initial condition Yo = (1, 0). dY 1. dt ( :) -3 Y 1 -3 dY 2. dt 1 Y 4 -1 dY 3. dt -2 -1 Y 1 -4 dY 4. dt 1 Y -1 -2 :) ||

Advanced Engineering Mathematics
10th Edition
ISBN:9780470458365
Author:Erwin Kreyszig
Publisher:Erwin Kreyszig
Chapter2: Second-order Linear Odes
Section: Chapter Questions
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Can you please help me solve question 1 and 3?

In Exercises 1–4, each of the linear systems has one eigenvalue and one line of eigenvectors. For each system:

(a) Find the eigenvalue.

(b) Find an eigenvector.

(c) Sketch the direction field.

(d) Sketch the phase portrait, including the solution curve with initial condition \( \mathbf{Y}_0 = (1, 0) \); and

(e) Sketch the \( x(t) \)- and \( y(t) \)-graphs of the solution with initial condition \( \mathbf{Y}_0 = (1, 0) \).

1. \( \frac{d\mathbf{Y}}{dt} = \begin{pmatrix} -3 & 0 \\ 1 & -3 \end{pmatrix} \mathbf{Y} \)

2. \( \frac{d\mathbf{Y}}{dt} = \begin{pmatrix} 2 & 1 \\ -1 & 4 \end{pmatrix} \mathbf{Y} \)

3. \( \frac{d\mathbf{Y}}{dt} = \begin{pmatrix} -2 & -1 \\ 1 & -4 \end{pmatrix} \mathbf{Y} \)

4. \( \frac{d\mathbf{Y}}{dt} = \begin{pmatrix} 0 & 1 \\ -1 & -2 \end{pmatrix} \mathbf{Y} \)
Transcribed Image Text:In Exercises 1–4, each of the linear systems has one eigenvalue and one line of eigenvectors. For each system: (a) Find the eigenvalue. (b) Find an eigenvector. (c) Sketch the direction field. (d) Sketch the phase portrait, including the solution curve with initial condition \( \mathbf{Y}_0 = (1, 0) \); and (e) Sketch the \( x(t) \)- and \( y(t) \)-graphs of the solution with initial condition \( \mathbf{Y}_0 = (1, 0) \). 1. \( \frac{d\mathbf{Y}}{dt} = \begin{pmatrix} -3 & 0 \\ 1 & -3 \end{pmatrix} \mathbf{Y} \) 2. \( \frac{d\mathbf{Y}}{dt} = \begin{pmatrix} 2 & 1 \\ -1 & 4 \end{pmatrix} \mathbf{Y} \) 3. \( \frac{d\mathbf{Y}}{dt} = \begin{pmatrix} -2 & -1 \\ 1 & -4 \end{pmatrix} \mathbf{Y} \) 4. \( \frac{d\mathbf{Y}}{dt} = \begin{pmatrix} 0 & 1 \\ -1 & -2 \end{pmatrix} \mathbf{Y} \)
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