In corn, purple kernels (P) are dominant over yellow kernels (p) and starchy kernels (Su) are dominant over sugary kernels (su). A corn plant grown from a purple and starchy kernel is crossed with a plant grown from a yellow and sugary kernel, and the following progeny (kernels) are produced: Phenotype Number purple, starchy 150 purple, sugary 142 yellow, starchy 161 yellow, sugary 115 Formulate a hypothesis about the genotypes of the parents and offspring in this cross. Perform a chi-square goodness-of-fit test comparing the observed progeny with the numbers expected based on your genetic hypothesis. What conclusion can you draw based on the results of your chi-square test? Can you suggest an explanation for the observed results?

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A:

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Inheritance and Mendelian Genetics

Inheritance means the passing of traits to offspring from parents. These traits could be passed either through asexual reproduction or sexual reproduction. The offspring receives the genetic material from the parents. Mendelian inheritance is a certain biological inheritance that follows the rules and principles laid down by Gregor Mendel in 1865. The initial hypothesis was considered wrong, but other inheritance theories modified the concept of inheritance and thus genetics.