College Physics 1st Edition
ISBN: 9781938168000
Author: Paul Peter Urone, Roger Hinrichs
Publisher: Paul Peter Urone, Roger Hinrichs
1 Introduction: The Nature Of Science And Physics 2 Kinematics 3 Two-dimensional Kinematics 4 Dynamics: Force And Newton's Laws Of Motion 5 Further Applications Of Newton's Laws: Friction, Drag, And Elasticity 6 Uniform Circular Motion And Gravitation 7 Work, Energy, And Energy Resources 8 Linear Momentum And Collisions 9 Statics And Torque 10 Rotational Motion And Angular Momentum 11 Fluid Statics 12 Fluid Dynamics And Its Biological And Medical Applications 13 Temperature, Kinetic Theory, And The Gas Laws 14 Heat And Heat Transfer Methods 15 Thermodynamics 16 Oscillatory Motion And Waves 17 Physics Of Hearing 18 Electric Charge And Electric Field 19 Electric Potential And Electric Field 20 Electric Current, Resistance, And Ohm's Law 21 Circuits And Dc Instruments 22 Magnetism 23 Electromagnetic Induction, Ac Circuits, And Electrical Technologies 24 Electromagnetic Waves 25 Geometric Optics 26 Vision And Optical Instruments 27 Wave Optics 28 Special Relativity 29 Introduction To Quantum Physics 30 Atomic Physics 31 Radioactivity And Nuclear Physics 32 Medical Applications Of Nuclear Physics 33 Particle Physics 34 Frontiers Of Physics Chapter16: Oscillatory Motion And Waves
Chapter Questions Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1CQ: Describe a system in which elastic potential energy is stored. Problem 2CQ: What conditions must be met to produce simple harmonic motion? Problem 3CQ: (a) If frequency is not constant for some oscillation, can the oscillation be simple harmonic... Problem 4CQ: Give an example of a simple harmonic oscillator, specifically noting how its frequency is... Problem 5CQ: Explain why you expect an object made of a stiff material to vibrate at a higher frequency than a... Problem 6CQ: As you pass freight truck with a trailer on a highway, you notice mat its trailer is bouncing up and... Problem 7CQ: Some people modify cars to be much closet to me ground man when manufactured. Should they install... Problem 8CQ: Pendulum clocks are made to run at the correct rate by adjusting the pendulum's length. Suppose you... Problem 9CQ: Explain in terms of energy how dissipative forces such as friction reduce the amplitude of a... Problem 10CQ: Give an example of a damped harmonic oscillator. (They we more common than undamped or simple... Problem 11CQ: How would a car bounce after a bump under each of these conditions? • overdamping • underdamping •... Problem 12CQ: Most harmonic oscillators are damped and, if undriven, eventually come to a stop. How is this... Problem 13CQ: Why are soldiers in general ordered to “route step" (walk out of step) across a bridge? Problem 14CQ: Give one example of a transverse wave and another of a longitudinal wave, being careful to note the... Problem 15CQ: What is the difference between propagation speed and the frequency of a wave? Does one or both... Problem 16CQ: Speakers in stereo systems have two colorcoded terminals to indicate how to hook up the wires. If... Problem 17CQ: Two identical waves undergo pure constructive interference. Is the resultant intensity twice that of... Problem 18CQ: Circular water waves decrease in amplitude as they move away from where a rock is dropped. Explain... Problem 1PE: Fish ate hung on a spring scale to determine their mass (most fishermen feel no obligation to... Problem 2PE: It is weighin time for the local under85kg rugby team. The bathroom scale used to assess eligibility... Problem 3PE: One type of BB gun uses a spring-driven plunger to blow the BB from its barrel. (a) Calculate the... Problem 4PE: (a) The springs of a pickup truck act like a single spring with a force constant of 1.30105N/m. By... Problem 5PE: When an 80.0kg man stands on a pogo stick, the spring is compressed 0.120 m. (a) What is the force... Problem 6PE: A spring has a length of 0.200 m when a 0.300kg mass hangs from it, and a length of 0.750 m when a... Problem 7PE: What is the period of 60.0 Hz electrical power? Problem 8PE: If your heart rate is 150 beats per minute during strenuous exercise, what is the time per beat in... Problem 9PE: Find the frequency of a tuning fork that takes 2.50103 s to complete one oscillation. Problem 10PE: A stroboscope is set to flash every 8.00105s. What is the frequency of the flashes? Problem 11PE: A tire has a tread pattern with a crevice every 2.000 cm. Each crevice makes a single vibration as... Problem 12PE: Engineering Application Each piston of an engine makes a sharp sound every other revolution of the... Problem 13PE: A type of cuckoo clock keeps time by having a mass bouncing on a spring, usually something cute like... Problem 14PE: If the spring constant of a simple harmonic oscillator is doubled, by what factor will the mass of... Problem 15PE: A 0.500kg mass suspended from a spring oscillates with a period of 1.50 s. How much mass must be... Problem 16PE: By how much leeway (both percentage and mass) would you have in the selection of the mass of me... Problem 17PE: Suppose you attach the object with mass m to a vertical spring originally at rest, and let it bounce... Problem 18PE: A diver on a diving board is undergoing simple harmonic motion. Her mass is 55.0 kg and the period... Problem 19PE: Suppose a diving beard wi1h no one on it bounces up and down in a simple harmonic motion with a... Problem 20PE: Figure 15.46 This child’s toy relies on springs to keep infants entertained. (credit: By... Problem 21PE: A 90.0kg skydiver hanging from a parachute bounces up and down with a period of 1.50 s. What is the... Problem 22PE: What is the leng1h of a pendulum that has a period of 0.500 s? Problem 23PE: Some people think a pendulum with a period of 1.00 s can be driven with “mental energy“ or psycho... Problem 24PE: What is the period of a 1.00mlong pendulum? Problem 25PE: How long does it take a child on a swing to complete one swing if her center of gravity is 4.00 m... Problem 26PE: The pendulum on a cuckoo clock is 5.00 cm long. What is its frequency? Problem 27PE: Two parakeets sit on a swing with their combined center of mass 10.0 cm below the pivot. At what... Problem 28PE: (a) A pendulum that has a period of 3.00000 s and that is located where the acceleration due to... Problem 29PE: A pendulum with a period of 2.00000 s in one location (g=9.80m/s2) is moved to a new location where... Problem 30PE: (a) What is the effect on the period of a pendulum if you double its length? (b) What is the effect... Problem 31PE: Find the ratio of the new/old periods of a pendulum if the pendulum were transported from Earth to... Problem 32PE: At what rate will a pendulum clock run on me Moon, where the acceleration due to gravity is 1.63... Problem 33PE: Suppose the length of a clock’s pendulum is changed by 1.000%, exactly at noon one day. What time... Problem 34PE: If a pendulumdriven clock gains 5.00 s/day, what fractional change in pendulum length must be made... Problem 35PE: The length of nylon rope from which a mountain climber is suspended has a force constant of... Problem 36PE: Engineering Application Near the top of the Citigroup Center building in New York City, there is an... Problem 37PE: (a) What is me maximum 1nreluzmcity at an 85.0kg person bouncing on a bathroom scale having a force... Problem 38PE: A novelty clock has a 0.0100kg mass object bouncing on a spring that has a force constant of... Problem 39PE: At what positions is the speed of a simple harmonic oscillator halt its maximum? That is, what... Problem 40PE: A ladybug sits 12.0 cm from the center of a Beatles music album spinning at 33.33 rpm. What is the... Problem 41PE: The amplitude of a lightly damped oscillator decreases by 3.0% during each cycle. What percentage of... Problem 42PE: How much energy must the shock absorbers of a 1200-kg car dissipate in order to damp a bounce that... Problem 43PE: If a car has a suspension system with a force constant of 5.00104N/m, how much energy must me car‘s... Problem 44PE: (a) How much will a spring that has a force constant of 40.0 mm be stretched by an object with a... Problem 45PE: Suppose you have a 0.750kg object on a horizontal surface connected to a spring that has a force... Problem 46PE: Engineering Application: A suspension bridge oscillates with an effective force constant of... Problem 47PE: Stems in the South Pacific can create waves that travel all the way to the California coast, which... Problem 48PE: Waves on a swimming pool propagate at 0.750m/s. You splash the water at one end of the pool and... Problem 49PE: Wind gusts create ripples on the ocean that have a wavelength at 5.00 cm and propagate at 2.00m/s.... Problem 50PE: How many times a minute does a boat bob up and down an ocean waves that have a wavelength of 40.0 m... Problem 51PE: Scouts at a camp shake the rope bridge may have just crossed and observe the wave crests to be 8.00... Problem 52PE: What is the wavelength of the waves you create in a swimming pool if you splash your hand at a rate... Problem 53PE: What is the wavelength of an earthquake that shakes you with a frequency of 10.0 Hz and gets to... Problem 54PE: Radio waves transmitted through space at 3.00108m/s by the Voyager spacecraft have a wavelength of... Problem 55PE: Your ear is capable of differentiating sounds that arrive at the ear just 1.00 ms apart. What is the... Problem 56PE: (a) Seismographs measure the arrival times of earthquakes with a precision of 0.100 s. To get the... Problem 57PE: A car has two horns, one emitting a frequency of 199 Hz and the other emitting a frequency of 203... Problem 58PE: The middleChammer of a piano hits two strings, producing beats of 1.50 Hz. One of the strings is... Problem 59PE: Two tuning forks having frequencies of 460 and 464 Hz are struck simultaneously. What average... Problem 60PE: Twin jet engines on an airplane are producing an average sound frequency of 4100 Hz with a beat... Problem 61PE: A wave traveling on a Slinky® mat is stretched to 4 m takes 2.4 s to travel the length at me Slinky... Problem 62PE: Three adjacent keys on a piano (F, F—sharp, and G) are stuck simultaneously, producing frequencies... Problem 63PE: Medical Application Ultrasound of intensity 1.50102W/m2 is produced by the rectangular head of a... Problem 64PE: The low-frequency speaker of a stereo set hag a surface area of 0.05 m2 and produces 1W 0f... Problem 65PE: To increase intensity of a wave by a factor of 50, by what factor should the amplitude be increased? Problem 66PE: Engineering Application A device called an insolation meter is used to measure the intensity of... Problem 67PE: Astronomy Application Energy from the Sun arrives at the top of the Earth’s atmosphere with an... Problem 68PE: Suppose you have a device that extracts energy from ocean breakers in direct proportion to their... Problem 69PE: Engineering Application (a) A photovoltaic array of (solar cells) is 10.0% ef?cient in gathering... Problem 70PE: A microphone receiving a pure sound tone feeds an oscilloscope, producing a wave on its screen. If... Problem 71PE: Medical Application (a) What is the intensity in W/m2 of a laser beam used to burn away cancerous... Problem 3CQ: (a) If frequency is not constant for some oscillation, can the oscillation be simple harmonic...
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Concept explainers
In Concept Simulation 10.2 you can explore the concepts that are important in this problem. Astronauts on a distant planet set up a simple pendulum of length 1.20 m. The pendulum executes simple harmonic motion and makes 100 complete oscillations in 290 s. What is the magnitude of the acceleration due to gravity on this planet?
Definition Definition Special type of oscillation where the force of restoration is directly proportional to the displacement of the object from its mean or initial position. If an object is in motion such that the acceleration of the object is directly proportional to its displacement (which helps the moving object return to its resting position) then the object is said to undergo a simple harmonic motion. An object undergoing SHM always moves like a wave.
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