In alternating current, AC, theory, the voltage through an inductor leads the current by a phase angle of 90°. Complex numbers can help in this situation as when a real number is multiplied by i it rotates through 90° on the Argand diagram, with the magnitude remaining the same. This allows us to specify the impedance through an inductor as a complex number. This can be combined with a resistor to give a combined impedance of z = r + Li. If we have two such elements in a circuit, we can use complex numbers to determine the total impedance when they are in series and in parallel. In series Zt = Z1 + Z2 In Parallel

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In alternating current, AC, theory, the voltage through an inductor leads the current by a phase angle of 90°. Complex numbers can help in this situation as when a real number is multiplied by i it rotates through 90° on the Argand diagram, with the magnitude remaining the same. This allows us to specify the impedance through an inductor as a complex number. This can be combined with a resistor to give a combined impedance of z = r + Li. If we have two such elements in a circuit, we can use complex numbers to determine the total impedance when they are in series and in parallel.


In series Zt = Z1 + Z2

In Parallel 

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