In a world comprising two economies, each has to choose whether to use renewable energy in its production processes or use traditional fuels, such as oil and coal. The traditional fuels are cheaper and so keep down production costs for individual firms. However, their use is associated with the increasing incidence of extreme weather events causing devastating and costly natural disasters across the world. The choices the two economies face may be set out as an economic game with the payoff matrix shown in Figure 13.

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Emerging economy
Renewable energy
Oil and coal
Developed
Renewable energy
(10,10)
(4,12)
economy
Oil and coal
(12,4)
(6,6)
Figure 13 Payoff matrix for energy sources ($US billion)
In a world comprising two economies, each has to choose whether to use renewable energy in its
production processes or use traditional fuels, such as oil and coal. The traditional fuels are cheaper and
so keep down production costs for individual firms. However, their use is associated with the increasing
incidence of extreme weather events causing devastating and costly natural disasters across the world.
The choices the two economies face may be set out as an economic game with the payoff matrix shown
in Figure 13.
Assume an international agency now offers subsidies of $3 billion which increase the payoff to
economies choosing renewable energy. Find the equilibrium for this revised game. What is the payoff to
the developed economy at this equilibrium?
billion
%24
Transcribed Image Text:Emerging economy Renewable energy Oil and coal Developed Renewable energy (10,10) (4,12) economy Oil and coal (12,4) (6,6) Figure 13 Payoff matrix for energy sources ($US billion) In a world comprising two economies, each has to choose whether to use renewable energy in its production processes or use traditional fuels, such as oil and coal. The traditional fuels are cheaper and so keep down production costs for individual firms. However, their use is associated with the increasing incidence of extreme weather events causing devastating and costly natural disasters across the world. The choices the two economies face may be set out as an economic game with the payoff matrix shown in Figure 13. Assume an international agency now offers subsidies of $3 billion which increase the payoff to economies choosing renewable energy. Find the equilibrium for this revised game. What is the payoff to the developed economy at this equilibrium? billion %24
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