In a random sample of 1,000 people, it is found that 7.2% have a liverailment. Of those who have a liver ailment, 10% are heavy drinkers, 50% aremoderate drinkers, and 40% are nondrinkers. Of those who do not have a liverailment, 13% are heavy drinkers, 46% are moderate drinkers, and 41% arenondrinkers.If a person is chosen at random, and he or she is a heavy drinker, what is theempirical probability of that person having a liver ailment?(Hint: Draw a tree diagram first)

Given 7.2% have a liver ailment 10% are heavy drinkers 50% are moderate drinkers 40% are nondrinkers…

Answered: In a random sample of 1,000 people, it…

A First Course in Probability (10th Edition)

10th Edition

ISBN:9780134753119

Author:Sheldon Ross

Publisher:Sheldon Ross

Chapter1: Combinatorial Analysis

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1.1P: a. How many different 7-place license plates are possible if the first 2 places are for letters and...

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Healthy adults need at least 7 hours of sleep a night. (Teens need at least 9 hours.) A survey of 74,571 Americans 18 and older found that 35.3% reported sleeping less than 7 hours per night on average. People who reported sleeping less than 7 hours were more likely to report unintentionally falling asleep during the day at least once in the preceding 30 days (46.2% versus 33.2%). They were more likely to report nodding off or falling asleep while driving in the preceding 30 days (7.3% versus 3.0%). They also were more likely to report snoring (51.4% versus 46.0%). (Source: CDC Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, March 4, 2011, www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6008a2.htm?s_cid=mm6008a2_w) a. Make a two-way frequency table, with one column for those who get at least 7 hours of sleep and one for those who do not. The rows will represent the number in each group who did and did not report snoring. b. What percentage of all of the Americans surveyed snore? c. What is the relative…
n a local community, a random sample of 18 couples has been assessed on a scale that measures the extent to which power and decision making are shared (lower scores) or monopolized by one party (higher scores) and on marital happiness (higher scores indicate higher levels of happiness). The couples were also classified by type of relationship: traditional (only the husband works outside the home), dual-career (both parties work), and cohabitational (parties living together but not legally married, regardless of work patterns). Does decision making or happiness vary significantly by type of relationship? a. Decision Making Traditional Dual-Career Cohabitiational 7 8 2 8 5 1 2 4 3 5 4 4 7 5 1 6 5 2 b. Happiness Traditional Dual-Career Cohabitiational 10 12 12 14 12 14 20 12 15 22 13 17 23 15 18 24 20 22
A research wants to determine if pre-natal exposure to the hormones in birth control pills alters the sex makeup of midshipman fish populations (which are typically half male and half female).Specifically, the researcher wishes to test the hypothesis that exposure to hormones will increase the number of females in the population.The researcher exposes a group of pregnant midshipman fish to birth control hormones and records the sex of the first 9 offspring birthed.They then observe that 7 are female.Use a sign test to test the indicated hypothesis.What is the value of "significance"
The national Park service monitors streams in Rainier national park for pollution and fish spawning habits. Suppose it is known that 40% of the streams in the park are either considered "polluted" or "known for spawning stream", 15% of the streams are classified as "polluted" and 35% of the streams are "known for spawning streams" what proportion of streams are known to be both polluted and known for spawning streams.
To test the fairness of law enforcement in Bartow County, a local citizens' group want to know whether women and men are unequally likely to get speeding tickets. Two hundred adults in Bartow County are randomly phoned and asked whether or not they had been cited for speeding in the last year. For a sample of 114 women, 12 were ticketed and 102 were not ticketed. For a sample of 86 men, 11 were ticketed and 75 were not ticketed. Use a 0.05 level of significance to test the claim that women and men are unequally likely to get speeding tickets. Women are sample proportion 1. Men are sample proportion 2. What is the z-test statistic for this problem? Round the answer to two decimal places. What is the p-value for this problem? Round the answer to three decimal places. What is the conclusion when you compare the p-value and the level of significance,? What is the conclusion based on the original claim?
According to a study on the effects of smoking by pregnant women on rates of asthma in their children, for expectant mothers who smoke 20 cigarettes per day, 22.2% of their children developed asthma by the age of two in the US. A biology professor at a university would like to test if the percentage is different in another country. She randomly selects 319 women who only deliver one child and smoke 20 cigarettes per day during pregnancy in that country and finds that 82 of the children developed asthma by the age of two. In this hypothesis test, Do the hypothesis test. Use a level of significance of a = 0.05; Use the unrounded values in Excel to find the answers for #3 and #4 1. This is an example of 2. Find the standard error. 3. Find the z value. Question 10 V a hypothesis test.
Many fundraisers ask for donations using email and text messages. A paper describes an experiment to investigate whether the proportion of people who make a donation when asked for a donation by email is different from the proportion of people who make a donation when asked for a donation in a text message. In this experiment, 1.7% of those who received and opened an email request for a donation and 7.8% of those who received a text message asking for a donation actually made a donation. Assume that the people who received these requests were randomly assigned to one of the two groups (email or text message) and suppose that the given percentages are based on sample sizes of 2,000 (the actual sample sizes in the experiment were much larger). (Let p1 be the proportion who make a donation after receiving an email, and p2 be the proportion who make a donation after receiving a text message.) Find the test statistic and P-value. (Use a table or SALT. Round your test statistic to two…
Among students at a nearby college, the proportion who say they’re interested in their congressional district’s election results has traditionally been 70%. After a series of lackluster debates on campus, a political scientist claims that the proportion, p, of students at the college who say they’re interested in their districts election results is now less than 70%. A pill is commissioned, and 154 out of random sample of 230 students at the college say they’re interested in their districts election results. Is there enough evidence to support the political scientist’s claim at the 0.05 level of significance? Perform a one-tailed test. Then complete the parts below. Carry your intermediate computations to three or more decimal places and round your answers as specified in the table.
A report describes a survey of 251 adult Americans. Participants in the survey were asked how often they disinfect their phone and were asked to respond with one of the following categories: more than once a week, once a week, every other, week, every three weeks, or less often than every three weeks. For this group, 9% responded more than once a week, 52% responded once a week, 26% responded every other week, 6% responded every three weeks, and 7% responded less often than every three weeks. Fill in the table below with the relative frequency distributions. How Often? Relative Frequency More than once a week Once a week Every other week Every three weeks Less often than every three weeks
A group of 600 patients who suffer from seasonal allergies is asked to participate in a study to determine the effectiveness of a new medication. The patients are divided randomly into two groups, one was given the actual medication and one received a placebo pill. After 2 months of treatment, 64% of the patients who took the medication had fewer allergy symptoms, while only 36% of those who took the placebo had fewer allergy symptoms. a. What is the treatment variable? b. What is the response (or outcome) variable? c. Was this an observational study or a controlled experiment? Explain how you know. d. Assuming the rest of the study was well-designed, use your answers to discuss whether it would be reasonable to conclude that taking the new medication caused fewer allergy symptoms.
A doctor is studying the relationship between blood pressure and heartbeat abnormalities in her patients. She tests a random sample of her patients and notes their blood pressures (high, low, or normal) and their heartbeats (regular or irregular). She finds that: 14% have high blood pressure. • 22% have low blood pressure. 15% have an irregular heartbeat. • Of those with an irregular heartbeat, one-third have high blood pressure. • Of those with normal blood pressure, one-eighth have an irregular heartbeat. What portion of the patients selected have a regular heartbeat and low blood pressure? (0.2)
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