In a random sample of 1,000 people, it is found that 7.2% have a liver ailment. Of those who have a liver ailment, 10% are heavy drinkers, 50% are moderate drinkers, and 40% are nondrinkers. Of those who do not have a liver ailment, 13% are heavy drinkers, 46% are moderate drinkers, and 41% are nondrinkers. If a person is chosen at random, and he or she is a heavy drinker, what is the empirical probability of that person having a liver ailment? (Hint: Draw a tree diagram first)
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- Healthy adults need at least 7 hours of sleep a night. (Teens need at least 9 hours.) A survey of 74,571 Americans 18 and older found that 35.3% reported sleeping less than 7 hours per night on average. People who reported sleeping less than 7 hours were more likely to report unintentionally falling asleep during the day at least once in the preceding 30 days (46.2% versus 33.2%). They were more likely to report nodding off or falling asleep while driving in the preceding 30 days (7.3% versus 3.0%). They also were more likely to report snoring (51.4% versus 46.0%). (Source: CDC Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, March 4, 2011, www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6008a2.htm?s_cid=mm6008a2_w) a. Make a two-way frequency table, with one column for those who get at least 7 hours of sleep and one for those who do not. The rows will represent the number in each group who did and did not report snoring. b. What percentage of all of the Americans surveyed snore? c. What is the relative…n a local community, a random sample of 18 couples has been assessed on a scale that measures the extent to which power and decision making are shared (lower scores) or monopolized by one party (higher scores) and on marital happiness (higher scores indicate higher levels of happiness). The couples were also classified by type of relationship: traditional (only the husband works outside the home), dual-career (both parties work), and cohabitational (parties living together but not legally married, regardless of work patterns). Does decision making or happiness vary significantly by type of relationship? a. Decision Making Traditional Dual-Career Cohabitiational 7 8 2 8 5 1 2 4 3 5 4 4 7 5 1 6 5 2 b. Happiness Traditional Dual-Career Cohabitiational 10 12 12 14 12 14 20 12 15 22 13 17 23 15 18 24 20 22A research wants to determine if pre-natal exposure to the hormones in birth control pills alters the sex makeup of midshipman fish populations (which are typically half male and half female).Specifically, the researcher wishes to test the hypothesis that exposure to hormones will increase the number of females in the population.The researcher exposes a group of pregnant midshipman fish to birth control hormones and records the sex of the first 9 offspring birthed.They then observe that 7 are female.Use a sign test to test the indicated hypothesis.What is the value of "significance"
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- Many fundraisers ask for donations using email and text messages. A paper describes an experiment to investigate whether the proportion of people who make a donation when asked for a donation by email is different from the proportion of people who make a donation when asked for a donation in a text message. In this experiment, 1.7% of those who received and opened an email request for a donation and 7.8% of those who received a text message asking for a donation actually made a donation. Assume that the people who received these requests were randomly assigned to one of the two groups (email or text message) and suppose that the given percentages are based on sample sizes of 2,000 (the actual sample sizes in the experiment were much larger). (Let p1 be the proportion who make a donation after receiving an email, and p2 be the proportion who make a donation after receiving a text message.) Find the test statistic and P-value. (Use a table or SALT. Round your test statistic to two…In a survey about people's relationship with their pets, one of the questions asked if the person felt guilty when they left their pets alone when they went on holidays. The response for each person was recorded as "Yes- feels guilty" or "No - does not feel guilty". The researchers were interested to see if men and women felt differently in this situation. Which of the following procedure is the most appropriate one to decide if the feeling of being guilty about leaving pets alone is different for men and women: A) Chi-squared test for independence B) Paired T-test C) Unpaired T-test D) Linear regressionAmong students at a nearby college, the proportion who say they’re interested in their congressional district’s election results has traditionally been 70%. After a series of lackluster debates on campus, a political scientist claims that the proportion, p, of students at the college who say they’re interested in their districts election results is now less than 70%. A pill is commissioned, and 154 out of random sample of 230 students at the college say they’re interested in their districts election results. Is there enough evidence to support the political scientist’s claim at the 0.05 level of significance? Perform a one-tailed test. Then complete the parts below. Carry your intermediate computations to three or more decimal places and round your answers as specified in the table.
- A report describes a survey of 251 adult Americans. Participants in the survey were asked how often they disinfect their phone and were asked to respond with one of the following categories: more than once a week, once a week, every other, week, every three weeks, or less often than every three weeks. For this group, 9% responded more than once a week, 52% responded once a week, 26% responded every other week, 6% responded every three weeks, and 7% responded less often than every three weeks. Fill in the table below with the relative frequency distributions. How Often? Relative Frequency More than once a week Once a week Every other week Every three weeks Less often than every three weeksAD (Alzheimer's disease) causes progressive cognitive impairment. A diagnostic blood test for AD was proposed. An evaluation of the blood text involved fifty known AD patients and forty control who did not have AD. Of those who had AD, forty eight tested positive on the blood test and two tested negative. Of those without AD, three tested positive on the blood test and thirty seven tested negative. c. How many people who did have AD tested negative on the blood test? What is the name for this kind of test result?A study classified each of 134 lawyers into one of four groups based on observation and an interview. The 62 lawyers in group A were categorized as having high levels of stimulation and support and average levels of public spirit. The 52 lawyers in group B had low stimulation, average support, and high public spirit. Group C contained 7 lawyers with average stimulation, low support, and low public spirit. The 13 lawyers in group D were assessed as low on all three criteria. Salary levels for these four groups were compared. The sample means were 7.87 for group A, 7.47 for group B, 5.14 for group C, and 3.69 for group D. The F ratio calculated from these data was 25.60. a. Prepare the complete analysis of variance table. b. Test the null hypothesis that the population mean salaries are the same for lawyers in these four groups.
