In a nuclear reaction, calculate the percentage of uranium 235U enrichment to get the reproduction factor around 2.10, assume fission cross section for 235U is 584 b for thermal neutrons, while that for 238U is zero. The (n, y) cross sections are 97 b for 235U and 2.75 for 238U.
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- According to one estimate, there are 4.4 x 106 metric tons of world uranium reserves extractable at $130/kg or less. About 0.70% of naturally occurring uranium is the fissionable isotope 235U. (a) Calculate the mass of 235U in this reserve in grams. (b) Find the number of moles of 235U and convert to a number of atoms. (c) Assuming 208 MeV is obtained from each reaction and all this energy is captured, calculate the total energy that can be extracted from the reserve in joules. (d) Assuming world power consumption to be constant at 1.5 x 1013 J/s, how many years could the uranium reserves provide for all the world’s energy needs using conventional reactors that don’t generate nuclear fuel? (e) What conclusions can be drawn?A PuBe source has a neutron activity of 1.6 x 105 Bq. The neutrons are produced by the 9Be(∝ , n)12C reaction with an effective cross section of 90 mb and thickness of 3.2 cm. (a) What is the probability of an incident alpha particle interacting with a 9Be nucleus? (b) What must be the rate of alpha particles incident on 9Be? (c) What must be the amount of mass of the 239Pu producing the alpha particles?Cow's milk produced near nuclear reactors can be tested for as little as 1.00 pCi of I per liter, to check for possible reactor leakage. What mass of I has this activity? (answer in ×10 g)
- A large power reactor that has been in operation for some months is turned off, but residual activity in the core still produces 150 MW of power. If the average energy per decay of the fission products is 0.96 MeV, what is the core activity in units of curies?(a) For the nuclei B and C, determine the difference in binding energy per nucleon (in MeV). (Let the mass of a proton be 1.0078 u, the mass of a neutron be 1.0087 u, the mass of ¹B be 11.0093 u, and the mass of C be 11.0114 u.) Mev (b) This difference in binding energy is due to which of the following? O Greater electron attraction for the ¹C atom O Greater electron repulsion for the C atom Ⓒ Greater neutron attraction for the C nucleus O Greater neutron repulsion for the C nucleus O Greater proton attraction for the C nucleus O Greater proton repulsion for the C nucleusIf the average energy released in a fission event is 208 MeV, find the total number of fission events required to operate a 60-W lightbulb for 2.0 h.
- According to one estimate, there are 4.4 × 106 metric tons of world uranium reserves extractable at $130/kg or less. About 0.7% of naturally occurring uranium is the fissionable isotope235 U. (a) Calculate the mass of 235 U in this reserve in grams. (b) Find the number of moles of 235 U and convert to a number of atoms. (c) Assuming 208 MeV is obtained from each reaction and all this energy is captured, calculate the total energy that can be extracted from the reserve in joules. (d) Assuming world power consumption to be constant at 1.5 × 1013 J/s, how many years could the uranium reserves provide for all the world’s energy needs using conventional reactors that don’t generate nuclear fuel? (e) What conclusions can be drawn?The electrical power output of a large nuclear reactor facility is 935 MW. It has a 39.0% efficiency in converting nuclear power to electrical. (a) What is the thermal nuclear power output in megawatts? (b) How many 235U nuclei fission each second, assuming the average fission produces 200 MeV? (c) What mass (in kg) of 235U is fissioned in one year of full-power operation?