In a falling head permeameter, the sample used is 20cm long having a cross-sectional area of 24cm?. Calculate the time required for a drop of head from 25 to 12cm if the cross-sectional area of the stand pipe is 2cm2. The sample of soil is made of three layers. The thickness of the first layer from the top is 8cm and has a value of ki = 2 x 104 cm/s, the second layer of thickness 8 cm has k2 = 5 x 104 cm/s and the bottom layer of thickness 4cm has k3 = 7 x 10* cm/s. Assume that the flow is taking place perpendicular to the layers.

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Principles of Seepage

In hydrology, when water flows down in a pore or crack of unsaturated soil due to gravity, the deep layer of soil is called seepage. It is the slow movement of water in the soil layer. Seepage is mainly found near hydraulic structures and is responsible for the stability of earthen-type hydraulic structures.