In 2023, Yaseen et al (PLoS One) reported on a genome-wide association study looking for genetic traits influencing dietary choices. Studying a cohort of individuals in the United Kingdom, they found one SNP on human chromosome 18 to be significantly associated with being a strict vegetarian vs not. Three genes associated with this SNP were further classified. s statistically associated with strict vegetarianism. Gene annotation suggests that these genes (such as RMC1 and NPC1) may play roles in lipid metabolism and brain function, leading the authors to suggest that the genetic ability to subsist on a vegetarian diet, or differences in how individuals perceive the taste of vegetarian food, may contribute the choice to be vegetarian. a) Would you consider vegetarianism to be a simple or a complex trait? Why? b) You decide to extend this study by looking at vegetarians residing in a different country. Would you predict that all strict vegetarians in your new sample population would also contain the same variations in RMC1 and NPC1? Why or why not?

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Genomic studies

Genomic studies (genomics) is the study of the whole genome of an organism. Using bioinformatics and high-performance computing, genomic researchers examined massive amounts of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)-sequence data to discover variations or mutations that affect drug response, health, or disease. Genomics is a much younger discipline than genetics, having only emerged in the last few decades as a result of technological advancements in DNA sequencing and computational biology.