Imagine that while you and a passenger are in a deep-diving submersible in the North Pacific near Alaska’s Aleutian Islands, you encounter a long, narrow depression on the ocean floor. Your passenger asks whether you think it is a submarine canyon, a rift valley, or a deepocean trench. How would you respond? Explain your response.

Q: Why is the moment magnitude scale favored over the Richter scale for large earthquakes?

A: INTRODUCTION "Moment magnitude scale is a measure of the earthquake based on the total moment…

Q: To what does Hadean apply? It is an “official” part of the time scale?

A: Early Earth's history is represented by this period, when the planet was marked by asteroid impacts,…

Q: What are proxy data, and why are they necessary in the study of climate change?

A: The current state of the atmosphere defines the weather of a particular region. It is influenced by…

Q: Compare and contrast mountain building at a volcanic island arc with mountain building at an…

A: The mobile plate is the plate that divides the earth's lithosphere. The plates floating above the…

Q: Where were ice sheets more extensive during the Ice Age: the Northern Hemisphere or the Southern…

A: Glacier is one of the natural agents that control geological work such as erosion, transportation…

Q: How do  you recycle, reuse and reduce solid waste in your community

A: The 3R (Reduce-Reuse-Recycle) Concept outlines a series of measures for sustainable trash…

Q: In addition to the destruction created directly by seismic vibrations, list three other types of…

A: Earthquake can be defined as shaking of the surface of the earth, by the sudden release of the…

Q: What are the three broad categories of hurricane damage? Which one is responsible for the greatest…

A: A hurricane is a storm that have arrived at a consistent speed of 74 miles each hour or more. The…

Q: Consider the events that led up to the "demotion" of Pluto from being our solar system's 9th planet…

A: Answer :  IAU (International Astronomical Union)  downgraded status of Pluto planet to dwarf planet…

Q: Describe several ways that an animal or a plant can be preserved as a fossil.

A: There are two primary types of preservation for fossils: with and without modification. Below it is…

Q: Define slab pull and ridge push. Which of these forces appears to contribute more to plate motion?

A: The earth is divided into four layers, that is, the crust, the mantle, the outer and the inner core.…

Q: Where do most shield volcanoes form—on the ocean floor or on the continents?

A: Shield volcanoes are formed mainly in the ocean floors and scientists estimate there are about a…

Q: Briefly describe how mountain belts such as the Himalayas form.

A: The lithosphere is divided into numerous plates that float on the ductile asthenosphere. These…

Q: The accompanying diagram is a cross section of a hypothetical area. Place the lettered features in…

A: Oldest A B C D E Dike-L/Dike-M Pluton-K F G H Fault-J LavaFlow-I Youngest

Q: Define bathymetry and describe the various bathymetric techniques used to map the ocean floor

A: Bathymetry may be defined as the measurement of the ocean depths and understanding the topography of…

Q: Causes of poor sanitation with explanation

A: The environmental sanitation includes some of the basic factors such as human excreta control, and…

Q: Easter Island is held up as an example of Ecocide where humans overexploitation ultimately degraded…

A: First of all let us understand what is Ecocide it means that using your surroundings at certain…

Q: Contrast the distribution of land and water in the Northern Hemisphere and the Southern Hemisphere.

A: The Northern Hemisphere contains North America, the northern piece of South America, Europe, the…

Q: Do the math: How many seconds would it take an echo sounder’s ping to make the trip from a ship to…

A: Depth = 10,994 m Speed = 1500 m/s Distance (depth) = ½ (1500 m/sec × Echo travel time) Thus, Time =…

Q: St Louis, Missouri, and New Orleans, Louisiana, lie approximately on the same meridian. St Louis has…

A: Radius of the earth (r) = 3960 miles Difference in latitudes = 39 - 30 = 9 degrees Total number of…

Q: The atmosphere is divided vertically into four layers, on the basis of temperature. Name the layers…

A: The Atmosphere is a protective layer of gases around our home planet, which protects us from harmful…

Q: Identify two types of study that are commonly used to investigate outbreak? Briefly describe one…

A: Cohort and case control are two types of studies that are commonly used to investigate an outbreak.…

Q: Where do we find the youngest rocks in an eroded basin: near the center or near the flanks?

A: Rocks can be described the natural occurring solid substance which is formed by the aggregation of…

Q: Describe the relative movement along a strike-slip fault.

A: The two tectonic plates slide past each other in a conservative plate boundary. The Ideal example of…

Q: How might a numerical date for a layer of sedimentary rock be determined?

A: Sedimentary rocks are kinds of rock which might be formed through the buildup or deposition of…

Q: What was the central strategy pursued by Britons in South Africa to improve relations between…

A: Investing heavily in nascent industrial proudction that provided jobs for Afrikaners.

Q: Some people predict that California will sink into the ocean. Is this idea consistent with the…

A: Continental drift theory is one of the earliest ways the geologists thought that continents move…

Q: Hi! i need help making a cause and effect diagram about Sdg # 7: Ensure access to affordable,…

A: Sustainable Development Goal 7 was initiated by United Nations General Assembly in 2015 to secure…

Q: Why are seafloor sediments useful in the study of past climates? Aside from seafloor sediments, list…

A: The high-resolution record of past climatic variation is provided by finely varved sediments from…

Q: The accompanying image shows an igneous structure (dark color) located in southeastern Utah that was…

A: Sedimentary rocks are set down in layers called beds or layers. A bed is characterized as a layer of…

Q: What is emitted from a fumarole?

A: The predominant vapor which is emitted by fumaroles is water vapor or steam.

Q: Summarize the stages in the development of an Alpine-type mountain belt such as the Appalachians.

A: The Himalayas are some of the most recent mountain ranges on Earth. Below are the explanation in…

Q: Do aerosols spend more or less time in the atmosphere than greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide?…

A: Greenhouse gases like Carbon Dioxide resides in the atmosphere for a very long time, for about…

Q: List and explain the evidence used to support the plate tectonics theory.

A: The  theory of plate tectonics is that along seafloor spreading zones, the continents are separating…

Q: Describe the processes that can occur in the atmosphere that would result in cloud formation.…

A: A cloud is a mass of water drops or ice precious stones suspended in the air. Mists structure when…

Q: Describe the fault shown by the dashed line using selected terms from the following list: dip-slip,…

A: If rocks on both sides of the plane have moved relative to each other parallel to the plane, a fault…

Q: Compare and contrast the topography of a slow spreading center such as the Mid-Atlantic Ridge with…

A: The Mid-Atlantic Ridge is a mid-sea edge situated along the floor of the Atlantic Ocean, and some…

Q: The accompanying image shows the metamorphic rock gneiss, a basaltic dike, and a fault. Place these…

A: Gneiss is created from schist, a different metamorphic rock that was first a sedimentary rock called…

Q: Distinguish among the four basic time units that make up the geologic time scale and explain why the…

A: The history of earth is divided into several units of time on the geologic time scale. They are…

Q: Why might the sediment core being collected by this oceanographic research vessel be useful to…

A: The ancient climate history may get preserved within the layers of sediments which slowly get…

Q: Distinguish between numerical and relative dating and apply relative dating principles to determine…

A: Numerical means that the actual number of years which have been passed since an event had occurred…

Q: A 2015 report by the National Research Council recommends that climate intervention research be…

A: A 2015 report by the National Research Council recommends that climate intervention research be…

Q: How did Wegener account for evidence of glaciers in portions of South America, Africa, and India…

A: According to Wegner, the huge supercontinent began to break up into small pieces of continents about…

Q: Briefly describe the process of continental rifting. Name a location where is it occurring today

A: One of the earliest hypotheses put up by geologists for how continents might migrate through time is…

Q: Locate and name Earth’s major mountain belts on a world map.

A: The Earth’s major mountain belts are: The Great Himalayas in Asia The Rockies in North America The…

Q: State the principle of fossil succession in your own words.

A: Fossil succession is based on the idea that the rocks, having similar fossils in them, belong to the…

Q: List at least three volcanic hazards besides pyroclastic flows and lahars.

A: There have been several kinds of events which are caused due to volcanic action and can be harmful…

Q: Explain why an earthquake east of the Rockies may produce damage over a larger area than one of…

A: Because seismic wave amplitudes decline more slowly in the east than in the west as distance from…

Q: If the budget of a valley glacier were balanced for an extended timespan, what feature would you…

A: Glacier budget

Q: Match each of the accompanying sketches to the type of orogeny it illustrates: Andean, a…

A: A. Alpine Orogeny