I'm having trouble understanding what exactly makes a linear ordinary differential equation "linear". I know that the major advantage of the linear ODEs is that a linear combination of particular solutions gives another particular solution. Characterized by additivity and homogeneity, this means that the output for a sum of inputs is equal to the sum of outputs for each individual input (e.g., f(3) + f(5) = f(3+5)= f(8)) and scaling the input by a factor scales the output by the same factor (e.g., f(6x) =6f(x)...but how would this look? Like say if I had 4e^5(t-1) satisfying the differential equation dy/dt=5y where y(1)=4, what would that "linear combination" look like?

Database System Concepts
7th Edition
ISBN:9780078022159
Author:Abraham Silberschatz Professor, Henry F. Korth, S. Sudarshan
Publisher:Abraham Silberschatz Professor, Henry F. Korth, S. Sudarshan
Chapter1: Introduction
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I'm having trouble understanding what exactly makes a linear ordinary differential equation "linear". I know that the major advantage of the linear ODEs is that a linear combination of particular solutions gives another particular solution. Characterized by additivity and homogeneity, this means that the output for a sum of inputs is equal to the sum of outputs for each individual input (e.g., f(3) + f(5) = f(3+5)= f(8)) and scaling the input by a factor scales the output by the same factor (e.g., f(6x) =6f(x)...but how would this look? Like say if I had 4e^5(t-1) satisfying the differential equation dy/dt=5y where y(1)=4, what would that "linear combination" look like?

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