If we were back on campus taking face to face courses, there would be over 20.000 students on campus and nearly one thousand computers actively using the Internet. Explain in detail how Network Address Translation (NAT) can be used to share a limited number of routable IP Addresses among the student population at BMCC.
If we were back on campus taking face to face courses, there would be over 20.000 students on campus and nearly one thousand computers actively using the Internet.
Explain in detail how Network Address Translation (NAT) can be used to share a limited number of routable IP Addresses among the student population at BMCC.
Network address translation
NAT is a process of translating one or more private IP address to one or more public IP address or vice versa. When we use a private IP address in our private network, one public IP address is required to access the internet. By using NAT network devices assign a public IP address to a computer or group of computer inside a private network. NAT usually operates on firewall or router.
Working
Router or firewall acts as an agent between public network and private network.
- A computer inside private network request to a computer in the public network.
- Routers within the network recognize that the request and identify that the request is not for a resource inside the network. Then they send the request to the firewall.
- When the firewall sees the request from the computer with the internal IP address, It makes the same request to the Internet using its own public address, and returns the response from the Internet resource to the computer inside the private network.
- With the view of the resource on the Internet, it is sending information to the address of the firewall.
- With the view of the workstation, it sees that communication is directly with the site on the Internet.
By using NAT, all users inside the private network access the Internet have the same public IP address when they use the Internet. That is only one public address is needed for hundreds or even thousands of users. NAT is a very useful characteristic of firewall security. It keeps the number of public addresses used within an organization, and it allows for high control of access to resources on both sides of the firewall.
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