If the speed of Will it's factor Minimum braking distance be assuming all 2158 Is the increast Car is increased by 117%, by what increased, a percent Same? Express as
Displacement, Velocity and Acceleration
In classical mechanics, kinematics deals with the motion of a particle. It deals only with the position, velocity, acceleration, and displacement of a particle. It has no concern about the source of motion.
Linear Displacement
The term "displacement" refers to when something shifts away from its original "location," and "linear" refers to a straight line. As a result, “Linear Displacement” can be described as the movement of an object in a straight line along a single axis, for example, from side to side or up and down. Non-contact sensors such as LVDTs and other linear location sensors can calculate linear displacement. Non-contact sensors such as LVDTs and other linear location sensors can calculate linear displacement. Linear displacement is usually measured in millimeters or inches and may be positive or negative.
![**Physics Problems on Vehicle Motion and Softball Pitching**
1. **Car Braking Distance Increase**
- **Problem Statement:** If the speed of a car is increased by 17%, by what factor will its minimum braking distance be increased, assuming all else is the same? Express as a percent increase.
To solve this problem, we need to understand how speed affects braking distance. Braking distance is proportional to the square of the speed. Hence, if the speed is increased by 17%, the braking distance increases by the square of 1.17, which can be calculated as follows:
\[
\text{Increase in braking distance} = (1.17)^2 - 1
\]
Calculating this will give the percentage increase in braking distance.
2. **Skid Mark Analysis**
- **Problem Statement:** Investigators measure a car's skid mark to be 96 meters long. The coefficient of kinetic friction was estimated to be 0.45. Determine the speed of the car when the driver slammed on the brakes.
To find the speed, we use the work-energy principle. The work done by friction (friction force times skid distance) equals the initial kinetic energy of the car (which depends on the speed). The friction force can be calculated using the coefficient of kinetic friction and the normal force (weight of the car). Applying the following equation will help:
\[
\frac{1}{2} m v^2 = \mu m g d
\]
Where \( m \) is the mass of the car, \( \mu \) is the coefficient of kinetic friction, \( g \) is the acceleration due to gravity (9.81 m/s²), and \( d \) is the skid distance.
3. **Softball Pitch Analysis**
- **Problem Statement:** A softball with a mass of 0.25 kg is pitched at 97.2 km/h. When it reaches the plate, it may have slowed by 10%. Neglecting gravity, estimate the average force of air resistance during a pitch if the distance is about 15 meters.
To estimate the average force of air resistance, we use Newton's second law and the work-energy principle. First, convert the initial and final speeds to meters per second. Then, find the change in kinetic energy and divide by the distance to find the work done by air resistance. Using the following equations](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F4211b25e-5640-4e59-912c-e01e8955356b%2F26b6325a-d2a0-419e-a95f-2a34ca06503a%2Fkqn1mlr_processed.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
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