If the mean square fluctuations in energy of a system in equilibrium at temperature T is proportional to T“, then the energy of the system is proportional to (a) Tª-2 (b) 7ž (c) Tª-1 (d) Tª
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- Compute the energy consumption in units of joules per year, gigawatts (GW), and watts per person as (a) fuel, (b) food, and (c) solar radiation for a country of population density 20 person/km2, an area of 1 million km2, and a fuel energy consumption rate of 250 GJ per person per year. Solar radiation reaching the ground is approximately 150 W/m2. The average person consumes food containing 2000 “calories” per day (1 calorie = 4182 J).A certain sandwich cookie contains 55 CC of nutritional energy. For what amount of time must you swim in order to work off three cookies if swimming consumes 510 C/hC/h AND Instead of swimming you decide to run for 40 min at a pace that works off 860 C/hC/h. How many cookies have you worked off?In testing a new drug, you heat a 0.5-kilogram sample using a hot plate. Assume no energy is lost in the process (i.e. the process is 100% efficient). The corresponding change in temperature and energy readings observed during the heating process are graphed as shown. Watch your units!!!! 16000 14000 12000 10000 8000 Q= 72 AT 6000 4000 2000 100 150 200 250 Change in Temperature (AT) [deg F] What is the specific heat capacity of the fluid in units of joules per gram kelvin? Hint: compare the trendline equation to the thermal energy equation. * A Energy (Q) [J]
- Two containers each hold 1 mole of an ideal gas at 1 atm. Container A holds a monatomic gas and container B holds a diatomic gas. The volume of each container is halved while the pressure is held constant. (Assume the initial volumes of containers A and B are equal.) (c) What is the ratio QA QB of the energy transferred to gases A and B?A 53−kg person drinks5.4×102g of milk, which has a caloric value of approximately 3.0 kJ/g.If only 17 percent of the energy in milk is converted to mechanical work, how high (in meters) can the person climb based on this energy intake? Enter your answer in scientific notation. Hint: The work done in ascending is given by mgh, where m is the mass (in kg), g is the gravitational acceleration(9.8 m/s2), and h is the height (in meters).A container having a volume of 2.30 L holds 1.80 g of helium gas at a temperature of 29.0 °C. (a) Find the pressure in the container. P = atm (b) Helium behaves as an ideal monoatomic gas. Find the internal energy of the system. Eint =
- Liquid nitrogen has a boiling point of−190.52◦C at atmospheric pressure.Express this temperature in degreesFahrenheit.Answer in units of ◦F Express this temperature in Kelvin.Answer in units of K.The first law of thermodynamics relates the heat transfer into or out of a system to the change of internal and the work done on the system. How much heat, in joules, is transferred into a system when its internal energy decreases by 165 J while it was performing 27.5 J of work?A woman expends 95 kJ of energy in walking a kilometer. The energy is supplied by the metabolic breakdown of food intake and has a 35 percent efficiency. If the woman drives a car over the same distance, how much energy is used if the car gets 8.8 km per liter of gasoline (approximately 20 mi/gal)? The density of gasoline is 0.71 g/mL, and its enthalpy of combustion is 49 kJ/g. Enter your answer in scientific notation. Compare the efficiencies of the two processes. kJ (driving)/ kJ (walking)