If the hybrid parents were mated 100 times, it does not mean that this is the exact distribution of genotypes in those 100 offspring. The likelihood of each genotype being passed on is the same for each offspring. There is just a higher likelihood that offspring with be hybrid when hybrid parents are crossed. Complete the following examples: Brown hair (H) in horses dominates over white hair (h). Cross a pure brown sire with a hybrid brown dam. What are the possible genotypes and phenotypes and their likelihood of appearance? Dam Genotype Sire % chance in offspring Phenotype % chance in offspring

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**Genetic Inheritance Simulation**

When predicting genotypic and phenotypic outcomes from hybrid parent crosses, it is important to consider probability rather than certainty. Even in 100 matings, the distribution of genotypes may not perfectly reflect expected probabilities, though each offspring has an equally random chance of expressing a genotype.

**Example Problem:**

Brown hair (H) in horses is dominant over white hair (h). When crossing a pure brown sire with a hybrid brown dam, determine the potential genotypes and phenotypes in their offspring, along with the probabilities of each.

**Details to Complete:**

**Punnett Square (Genotype Prediction)**

This diagram is used to predict genotype combinations. It's a 2x2 grid where each box represents a potential genotype from the crossing:

- **Sire (Horizontally):** Pure brown, genotype HH
- **Dam (Vertically):** Hybrid brown, genotype Hh

|         | H (Sire) | H (Sire) |
|---------|----------|----------|
| H (Dam) | HH       | HH       |
| h (Dam) | Hh       | Hh       |

**Genotype and Phenotype Probability Table**

- **Genotype Table:**

| Genotype | % Chance in Offspring |
|----------|-----------------------|
| HH       | 50%                   |
| Hh       | 50%                   |

- **Phenotype Table:**

| Phenotype (Appearance) | % Chance in Offspring |
|------------------------|-----------------------|
| Brown                  | 100%                  |

In this cross, all offspring will exhibit the brown hair phenotype. Genotype possibilities are either homozygous dominant (HH) or heterozygous (Hh), both expressing the dominant brown hair trait.
Transcribed Image Text:**Genetic Inheritance Simulation** When predicting genotypic and phenotypic outcomes from hybrid parent crosses, it is important to consider probability rather than certainty. Even in 100 matings, the distribution of genotypes may not perfectly reflect expected probabilities, though each offspring has an equally random chance of expressing a genotype. **Example Problem:** Brown hair (H) in horses is dominant over white hair (h). When crossing a pure brown sire with a hybrid brown dam, determine the potential genotypes and phenotypes in their offspring, along with the probabilities of each. **Details to Complete:** **Punnett Square (Genotype Prediction)** This diagram is used to predict genotype combinations. It's a 2x2 grid where each box represents a potential genotype from the crossing: - **Sire (Horizontally):** Pure brown, genotype HH - **Dam (Vertically):** Hybrid brown, genotype Hh | | H (Sire) | H (Sire) | |---------|----------|----------| | H (Dam) | HH | HH | | h (Dam) | Hh | Hh | **Genotype and Phenotype Probability Table** - **Genotype Table:** | Genotype | % Chance in Offspring | |----------|-----------------------| | HH | 50% | | Hh | 50% | - **Phenotype Table:** | Phenotype (Appearance) | % Chance in Offspring | |------------------------|-----------------------| | Brown | 100% | In this cross, all offspring will exhibit the brown hair phenotype. Genotype possibilities are either homozygous dominant (HH) or heterozygous (Hh), both expressing the dominant brown hair trait.
Expert Solution
Step 1: Definition:

Genotype: Genotype is the genetic constitution of an organism for any character. 

Phenotype: Phenotype is the observable physical properties of an organism.

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