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If the defibrillator described in the passage were fully charged and the entire charge were discharged through a patient in 10 ms, which of the following is closest to the average electrical current that would flow through the paddles?

If the defibrillator described in the passage were fully charged and the entire charge were discharged through a patient in 10 ms, which of the following is closest to the average electrical current that would flow through the paddles?

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The most common cause of sudden cardiac arrest is ventricular fibrillation, an event in which the heart loses its electrical coordination. The only known cure for ventricular fibrillation is early defibrillation: a carefully timed electrical shock to the myocardium. The principal component of a defibrillator is a capacitor. It is charged by placing the switch in Position C in Figure 1. Rinternal power supply 3000 V O B. 15 A O A. 7.5A OD. 30 A O C. 22.5 A Figure 1 Schematic of a defibrillator The capacitor consists of a pair of metal plates separated by a dielectric. During defibrillation the switch is placed in Position D, discharging the capacitor through paddles pressed against the chest of the patient. Firm force (~100 N) and a conductive gel pad are used to improve the electrical contact between each paddle and the patient's chest. switch For successful defibrillation the current delivered must be maintained for several milliseconds. Because the current in an RC circuit decays rapidly and exponentially, an inductor is added to the circuit to extend the duration of current flow. C Successful defibrillation also depends on the delivery of electrical charge to the myocardium. Only a fraction of the total current delivered by the defibrillator flows through the heart. The rest is dissipated by the resistance of the skin and the rest of the body. The resistances of the skin and the thoracic wall act as resistances in series, and the resistance of the other intrathoracic structures acts as a resistance parallel with that of the myocardium. D If the defibrillator described in the passage were fully charged and the entire charge were discharged through a patient in 10 ms, which of the following is closest to the average electrical current that would flow through the paddles? capacitor O A. 3600 V dielectric 25 microfarad OB. 3500 V inductor O C. 3000 V OD. 2500 V 100 S2 If both the capacitor and the power supply in Figure 1 are adjustable, which of the following changes would result in an increase in the charge on the capacitor? O A. Decreasing the area of the parallel plates OB. Decreasing the separation between the parallel plates O C. Removing the dielectric from the capacitor OD. Decreasing the voltage of the power supply If the 25 µF capacitor in the defibrillator in Figure 1 is replaced with a 30 μF capacitor, what new power supply setting would produce the same amount of charge? pa pa im pa Based on the passage, which of the following is closest to the pressure exerted on the chest by a 10 x 5 cm rectangular paddle during defibrillation? (Note: 1 Pa = 1 N/m².) OA. 5 kPa OB. 10 kPa O c. 15 kPa OD. 20 kPa
Transcribed Image Text:The most common cause of sudden cardiac arrest is ventricular fibrillation, an event in which the heart loses its electrical coordination. The only known cure for ventricular fibrillation is early defibrillation: a carefully timed electrical shock to the myocardium. The principal component of a defibrillator is a capacitor. It is charged by placing the switch in Position C in Figure 1. Rinternal power supply 3000 V O B. 15 A O A. 7.5A OD. 30 A O C. 22.5 A Figure 1 Schematic of a defibrillator The capacitor consists of a pair of metal plates separated by a dielectric. During defibrillation the switch is placed in Position D, discharging the capacitor through paddles pressed against the chest of the patient. Firm force (~100 N) and a conductive gel pad are used to improve the electrical contact between each paddle and the patient's chest. switch For successful defibrillation the current delivered must be maintained for several milliseconds. Because the current in an RC circuit decays rapidly and exponentially, an inductor is added to the circuit to extend the duration of current flow. C Successful defibrillation also depends on the delivery of electrical charge to the myocardium. Only a fraction of the total current delivered by the defibrillator flows through the heart. The rest is dissipated by the resistance of the skin and the rest of the body. The resistances of the skin and the thoracic wall act as resistances in series, and the resistance of the other intrathoracic structures acts as a resistance parallel with that of the myocardium. D If the defibrillator described in the passage were fully charged and the entire charge were discharged through a patient in 10 ms, which of the following is closest to the average electrical current that would flow through the paddles? capacitor O A. 3600 V dielectric 25 microfarad OB. 3500 V inductor O C. 3000 V OD. 2500 V 100 S2 If both the capacitor and the power supply in Figure 1 are adjustable, which of the following changes would result in an increase in the charge on the capacitor? O A. Decreasing the area of the parallel plates OB. Decreasing the separation between the parallel plates O C. Removing the dielectric from the capacitor OD. Decreasing the voltage of the power supply If the 25 µF capacitor in the defibrillator in Figure 1 is replaced with a 30 μF capacitor, what new power supply setting would produce the same amount of charge? pa pa im pa Based on the passage, which of the following is closest to the pressure exerted on the chest by a 10 x 5 cm rectangular paddle during defibrillation? (Note: 1 Pa = 1 N/m².) OA. 5 kPa OB. 10 kPa O c. 15 kPa OD. 20 kPa
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