If the circles are MAX nodes and the squares are MIN nodes, what is the minimax value of this game tree?

Database System Concepts
7th Edition
ISBN:9780078022159
Author:Abraham Silberschatz Professor, Henry F. Korth, S. Sudarshan
Publisher:Abraham Silberschatz Professor, Henry F. Korth, S. Sudarshan
Chapter1: Introduction
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### Game Tree Analysis

The diagram presented is a game tree used to illustrate the minimax algorithm, which is a decision-making algorithm used in artificial intelligence, particularly in game theory.

#### Structure of the Game Tree
- **Levels of Nodes:**
  - The tree consists of four levels.
  - **Top Level (Root):** A single square node.
  - **Second Level:** Circle nodes.
  - **Third Level:** Square nodes.
  - **Bottom Level:** Contains numerical values.

- **Leaf Nodes (Bottom Level):**
  - Numerical values from left to right are: 7, 4, 2, 3, -1, -2, 3, -1, 4, 5, 5, 7, 8.

- **Nodes Explanation:**
  - **Circles** represent MAX nodes, aiming to maximize the value.
  - **Squares** represent MIN nodes, aiming to minimize the value.

### Questions

1. **Maximizing Strategy:**
   - "If the circles are MAX nodes and the squares are MIN nodes, what is the minimax value of this game tree?" 
   - Respond with the calculated minimax value.

2. **Position Analysis:**
   - "Does it look like a position that is more likely to be a win for MAX or for MIN?"
   - Select between MAX or MIN as the favorable position.

3. **Reversed Strategy:**
   - "If instead the squares are MAX nodes and the circles are MIN nodes, what is the minimax value of this game tree?"
   - Provide the alternative minimax value.

### Analysis Instructions
- Analyze the tree from the bottom up, determining the MAX and MIN values at each level.
- Apply the minimax algorithm accordingly, switching between maximization and minimization at each level transition.

This visual representation serves to understand the intricacies of decision-making in competitive environments and illustrates basic principles of AI strategy formulation.
Transcribed Image Text:### Game Tree Analysis The diagram presented is a game tree used to illustrate the minimax algorithm, which is a decision-making algorithm used in artificial intelligence, particularly in game theory. #### Structure of the Game Tree - **Levels of Nodes:** - The tree consists of four levels. - **Top Level (Root):** A single square node. - **Second Level:** Circle nodes. - **Third Level:** Square nodes. - **Bottom Level:** Contains numerical values. - **Leaf Nodes (Bottom Level):** - Numerical values from left to right are: 7, 4, 2, 3, -1, -2, 3, -1, 4, 5, 5, 7, 8. - **Nodes Explanation:** - **Circles** represent MAX nodes, aiming to maximize the value. - **Squares** represent MIN nodes, aiming to minimize the value. ### Questions 1. **Maximizing Strategy:** - "If the circles are MAX nodes and the squares are MIN nodes, what is the minimax value of this game tree?" - Respond with the calculated minimax value. 2. **Position Analysis:** - "Does it look like a position that is more likely to be a win for MAX or for MIN?" - Select between MAX or MIN as the favorable position. 3. **Reversed Strategy:** - "If instead the squares are MAX nodes and the circles are MIN nodes, what is the minimax value of this game tree?" - Provide the alternative minimax value. ### Analysis Instructions - Analyze the tree from the bottom up, determining the MAX and MIN values at each level. - Apply the minimax algorithm accordingly, switching between maximization and minimization at each level transition. This visual representation serves to understand the intricacies of decision-making in competitive environments and illustrates basic principles of AI strategy formulation.
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