If South Africa increased its production by 1,000 diamonds while Russia stuck to the cartel agreement, South Africa's profit would$toWhy are cartel agreements often not successful?Different firms experience different costs.One party has an incentive to cheat to make more profit.All parties would make more money if everyone increased production.

A cartel is a group of independent market participants who collude with each other in order to…

Answered: If South Africa increased its…

ENGR.ECONOMIC ANALYSIS

14th Edition

ISBN:9780190931919

Author:NEWNAN

Publisher:NEWNAN

Chapter1: Making Economics Decisions

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1QTC

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Suppose the demand for oil is P=168Q-0.20. There are two oil producers who do not cooperate. Producing oil costs $8 per barrel. What is the profit of each cartel member?
Airline Manufacturer A and Airline Manufacturer B are duopolists in their industry. Explain how the two firms could collectively benefit if they were to collude and form a cartel. Why might collusion be difficult?
Consider an industry that consists of 4 firms, all competing over the same market, given by the following demand equation: P=80-3Q All firms have the same Total Cost Function, given by: TC₁=10q,+2q Suppose the firms decide to collude and voluntarily restrict output and raise price, in order to increase profits. a) What price will be charged by the members of the cartel? Assume the head of the cartel is fair and distributes output q, equally among the 4 firms (since they have identical costs). b)What is the output of each individual firm? c) What is each individual firm's profit? We know that there is a built-in incentive for cartel members to cheat on the cartel. If, as a result, the cartel breaks down: d) What price will be charged in the market? e) Assuming each firm captures an equal share of the market, what now is each firm's output, q? f) What now is individual firm profit? g) Illustrate your answer
consider the market for oil. Suppose for simplicity that there are only two oil roducing countries-Saudi Arabia and Kuwait. Both countries must choose hether to produce a low output or a high output. These output strategies with corresponding profits are depicted in the ayoff matrix to the right. Kuwait's profits are in red and Saudi Arabia's are in blue. Kuwait Suppose the two countries form a cartel. What is the cooperative equilibrium? Low Output High Output O A. The cooperative equilibrium is for Saudi Arabia to produce a high output and Kuwait to produce a high output. $125 $75 Low Output $8 $13 O B. A cooperative equilibrium does not exist for this game. O C. The cooperative equilibrium is for Saudi Arabia to produce a low output and Kuwait to produce a high output. Saudi Arabia $98 $70 O D. The cooperative equilibrium is for Saudi Arabia to produce a high output and Kuwait to produce a low output. High Output $5 $8 O E. The cooperative equilibrium is for Saudi Arabia to produce…
Russia, Iran and Qatar made the first serious moves in October 2008 toward forming an OPEC-style cartel for natural gas. Each of the countries can comply with the cartel agreement or to cheat on the cartel agreement. If all countries comply, the economic profit for each will be $140 million. If one country cheats, that country earns $200 million in economic profit and the other countries will have economic losses of $10 million. If all countries cheat, they break even. What are the strategies in this game? Earn between $140 and $200 million in profits. Cheat on the cartel agreement and earn -$10 million in profits. Comply with the agreement and earn $140 million in profit. Comply with the cartel agreement or to cheat on the cartel agreement.
Isolated Island has two wind turbines producing electricity, one owned by Dick and the other owned by Harry. Quantity demanded (units per day) Price (dollars per unit) The marginal cost of producing electricity is $4 a unit. 12 11 1 The table gives the demand schedule for electricity in this area. 10 2 9 3 If Dick and Harry form a cartel and maximize their joint profit, what will be the price of electricity and the total quantity produced? 8 4 7 5 If Dick and Harry form a cartel and maximize their joint profit, the price of a unit of electricity is $ and the quantity produced is units a day. 6 7
If in theory collusion is good for the members of a cartel, give at least three reasons why in practice collusion is not widespread
CS 25 Economics
“Firms have an incentive to form a cartel,but once it is formed,they have anincentive to cheat”Explain the incentives‘to form the cartel’,and‘to cheat after forming the cartel’.
Why do authorities in most countries have laws and regulation to prevent collusion?
Seagate and Western Digital (WD) run a cartel producing identical 1 TB hard drives. The demand for hard drives is Q = 17 – P. They both have MC = 2 and no fixed cost so ATC = 2. This is a lot like the Coke-Pepsi game in the duopoly quantity_game video. You can verify that together the firms maximize their (combined) profit by each making 3.75 hard drives. What profit does Seagate make with this cartel agreement? $
Which of the following methods could a cartel NOT use to prevent its member fırms from breaking their agreements? If a member fırm breaks its agreement, it is a breach of contract and the firm is subject to legal penalties. The cartel acts as a monopolist, maximizing the combined profits of all the member firms. All of the other choices could be used to prevent member firms from breaking agreements. The cartel requires member firms to structure executive pay in such a way that the executives benefit personally from preserving the cartel. If a member firm breaks its agreement, that firm is kicked out of the cartel permanently and can no longer earn cartel profits in the future.

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