If l is a line through (0,0), the point (0,0) divides the line l into two rays. Also, a complex-valued function g on a set S is said to be bounded if there is some finite M such that |g| < M on the set S. So we need to find out for which rays through the origin does e^z satisfy this property.

Advanced Engineering Mathematics
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ISBN:9780470458365
Author:Erwin Kreyszig
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If l is a line through (0,0), the point (0,0) divides the line l into two rays. Also, a complex-valued function g on a set S is said to be bounded if there is some finite M such that |g| < M on the set S. So we need to find out for which rays through the origin does e^z satisfy this property. 

Determine which rays starting at the origin are such that e² is bounded
on the ray.
Transcribed Image Text:Determine which rays starting at the origin are such that e² is bounded on the ray.
Expert Solution
Step 1: Step 1:

To determine for which rays starting at the origin ez is bounded, we need to analyze the behavior of the complex exponential function ez along these rays.

First, let's consider the complex exponential function ez, where z=x+iy for real numbers x and y.

e to the power of z equals e to the power of x plus i y end exponent
space space space space space equals e to the power of x cross times e to the power of i y end exponent

The magnitude of ez is given by:

vertical line e to the power of z vertical line equals vertical line e to the power of x cross times e to the power of i y end exponent vertical line
space space space space space space space equals vertical line e to the power of x vertical line cross times vertical line e to the power of i y end exponent vertical line

Now, vertical line e to the power of i y end exponent vertical line equals 1, as e to the power of i y end exponent traces a unit circle in the complex plane, and its magnitude is always 1.

So, vertical line e to the power of z vertical line equals vertical line e to the power of x vertical line cross times 1
space space space space space space space equals vertical line e to the power of x vertical line

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