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If 426 mL of 0.204 M HCI solution is needed to neutraize a solution of Ca(OH)2. how many grams of Ca(OH); must be in the solution? Express the mass in grams to three significant digits

If 426 mL of 0.204 M HCI solution is needed to neutraize a solution of Ca(OH)2. how many grams of Ca(OH); must be in the solution? Express the mass in grams to three significant digits

Chemistry
Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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### Neutralization Calculation Example **Problem Statement:** If 42.6 mL of 0.204 M HCl solution is needed to neutralize a solution of Ca(OH)₂, how many grams of Ca(OH)₂ must be in the solution? **Instructions:** Express the mass in grams to three significant digits. **Calculation Walkthrough:** 1. **Determine Moles of HCl:** - Use the formula: Moles = Molarity × Volume (in liters) - Calculate: 0.204 mol/L * 0.0426 L = 0.0086904 mol 2. **Neutralization Reaction:** - The balanced equation is: 2 HCl + Ca(OH)₂ → CaCl₂ + 2 H₂O - From the equation, 2 moles of HCl react with 1 mole of Ca(OH)₂. 3. **Calculate Moles of Ca(OH)₂:** - Use stoichiometry: 0.0086904 mol HCl * (1 mol Ca(OH)₂ / 2 mol HCl) = 0.0043452 mol Ca(OH)₂ 4. **Convert to Grams:** - Molar mass of Ca(OH)₂ = 74.09 g/mol - Calculate: 0.0043452 mol * 74.09 g/mol = 0.321875 g 5. **Final Answer:** - The mass of Ca(OH)₂ in the solution is 0.322 g (to three significant digits). This example shows how to use stoichiometry and concentration calculations to determine the amount of substance needed for complete neutralization in a chemical reaction.
Transcribed Image Text:### Neutralization Calculation Example **Problem Statement:** If 42.6 mL of 0.204 M HCl solution is needed to neutralize a solution of Ca(OH)₂, how many grams of Ca(OH)₂ must be in the solution? **Instructions:** Express the mass in grams to three significant digits. **Calculation Walkthrough:** 1. **Determine Moles of HCl:** - Use the formula: Moles = Molarity × Volume (in liters) - Calculate: 0.204 mol/L * 0.0426 L = 0.0086904 mol 2. **Neutralization Reaction:** - The balanced equation is: 2 HCl + Ca(OH)₂ → CaCl₂ + 2 H₂O - From the equation, 2 moles of HCl react with 1 mole of Ca(OH)₂. 3. **Calculate Moles of Ca(OH)₂:** - Use stoichiometry: 0.0086904 mol HCl * (1 mol Ca(OH)₂ / 2 mol HCl) = 0.0043452 mol Ca(OH)₂ 4. **Convert to Grams:** - Molar mass of Ca(OH)₂ = 74.09 g/mol - Calculate: 0.0043452 mol * 74.09 g/mol = 0.321875 g 5. **Final Answer:** - The mass of Ca(OH)₂ in the solution is 0.322 g (to three significant digits). This example shows how to use stoichiometry and concentration calculations to determine the amount of substance needed for complete neutralization in a chemical reaction.
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