Identify the types of axons that compose the gray and whiterami communicantes, describe their anatomic arrangement andlocation, and discuss the reason for the differences in their color.

Q: Explain the characteristics and purpose of the refractoryperiod.

A: Refractory period is the time during which a cell or an organ is not capable of repeating the same…

Q: Compare and contrast the general composition, function, and distribution of gray and white matter…

A: Gray matter is composed primarily of neuronal cell bodies also known as soma which is a spherical…

Q: Describe the parasympathetic pathway to the eye and to the heart, identifying the neuronsinvolved.

A: Autonomic nervous system (ANS) is responsible for regulating the internal organs and glands,…

Q: Describe the arrangement and structure of the three coveringsthat surround axons in ANS nerves.

A: The autonomic nervous system is a control system that acts largely unconsciously and regulates…

Q: shortly describe two of the subdivisions in the Peripheral nervous system and their role in…

A: The nervous system is the organ system of the body that carries the information in form of signals…

Q: Describe the components of gray matter and whitematter in the CNS and PNS.

A: Central nervous system controls the functions of the brain and the spinal cord. It is made of the…

Q: Define plexus, and locate the major plexuses of thespinal nerves.

A: The nervous system of humans is divided into the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous…

Q: use arrows to identify: Axon Schwann cell (myelin sheath) Nucleus of Schwann cell neurofibril node…

A: The structural and functional units of nervous system which are capable of sending and receiving…

Q: Identify the principal glial cell types, and briefly discuss the function of each type.

A: Glia, also known as glial cells , neuroglia,  non-neuronal cells in the central nervous system  that…

Q: Name the different kinds of glial cells that are responsiblefor the following functions: production…

A: Neuroglia is also called glia or glial cells. Neuroglia is any of several forms of cells that mainly…

Q: Distinguish the cell types that form the myelin in the PNSversus the CNS.

A: Answer: Introduction: The central nervous system-CNS consists of three main parts are the brain,…

Q: Explain the negative effects on a neuron when the myelin sheath is damaged or destroyed by a…

A: The nerve cells are also called neurons are the long, elongated cells of the body that comprises a…

Q: Draw a multipolar neuron and label its structures, including the Schwann cell, and label its…

A: A  Multipolar Neuron is a type of neuron that consists of one axon and many dendrites which are…

Q: Define peripheral nervous system (PNS)

A: The nervous system acts through nerve impulses along the axons of the neurons and neurotransmitters…

Q: Explain the difference between the relative and absolute refractory periods. Briefly describe the…

A: A voluntary muscle fibre contracts when threshold stimulus (optimum stimulus that could generate a…

Q: Differentiate between cholinergic and adrenergicneurons

A: Introduction- Neurons are also known as nerve cells that are important for the functioning of the…

Q: Define the term monosynaptic reflex?

A: Humans and animals all have reflexes that help them avoid danger. Reflexes are reflex reactions,…

Q: Explain the major differences between the two functional divisions of the peripheral nervous system?

A: The peripheral nervous system is the nervous system's division comprising of the nerves that branch…

Q: Name the two efferent divisions of the peripheral nervous system. What type of effectors does each…

A: The human body consists of large number of different types of cells that perform same functions and…

Q: Summarize the functions of each of the types of neuroglia (the exam will not ask about satellite…

A: As per the guidelines we are supposed to answer only first question in case of multiple question…

Q: Define plexus. Name the major plexuses and describe the distribution and function of the peripheral…

A: nerve plexus: A network of intersecting nerves. brachial plexus: A network of nerve fibers, running…

Q: Describe the basic distribution of gray and white matter

A: Axons of the neurones consists of Grey matter which sends the information and   dendrites and Soma…

Q: Describe the arrangement of parasympathetic neuronsand ganglia.

A: The parasympathetic nervous system is also known as the craniosacral division of the ANS, as its…

Q: explain the Functions of Peripheral Nervous System 2 divisions and subdivisions (in own words)

A: The nervous system which has its origin from the ectoderm germ layer is subdivided into two…

Q: Describe the process of depolarization and repolarization of neurons.

A: The neurons are responsible for generating and transmitting nerve impulse in our body. They are…

Q: State the other name of neuroglia.

A: Nervous system coordinates and controls the activities of the animals such as perceptions, behaviors…

Q: Define axon hillock

A: The differentiated cells of the nervous system are known as neurons. The cell body, axon and…

Sleep Physiology

Sleep is a condition of reduced muscle movement in the body. Awareness about the surroundings is reduced at the time of sleep. The body stays mildly responsive or non-responsive to external stimuli. The sleep-wake cycle is controlled by the circadian rhythm that produces a resting phase for the body.