Nucleotides
It is an organic molecule made up of three basic components- a nitrogenous base, phosphate,and pentose sugar. The nucleotides are important for metabolic reactions andthe formation of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) and RNA (ribonucleic acid).
Nucleic Acids
Nucleic acids are essential biomolecules present in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells and viruses. They carry the genetic information for the synthesis of proteins and cellular replication. The nucleic acids are of two types: deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA). The structure of all proteins and ultimately every biomolecule and cellular component is a product of information encoded in the sequence of nucleic acids. Parts of a DNA molecule containing the information needed to synthesize a protein or an RNA are genes. Nucleic acids can store and transmit genetic information from one generation to the next, fundamental to any life form.
What is a chemical bond?
A chemical bond is a lasting attraction between atoms or ions that enables the formation of molecules, crystals, and other structures. The bond may result from the electrostatic force between oppositely charged ions as in ionic bonds, or through the sharing of electrons as in covalent bonds.
Along with that others bonds are also involved, like dipole-dipole bond, hydrogen bonds.
Type of bond | Description | Strength |
Ionic bond | formed between ions with opposite charges | Strongest |
Dipole-dipole bond | Formed between molecules with permanent dipoles | Weaker than ionic bonds |
hydrogen bond | formed between a hydrogen atom that is bonded to a highly electronegative atom and another atom of the same element | Weakest |
There are two main types of fatty acids: saturated and unsaturated..
- Saturated fatty acids have no double bonds between carbon atoms in their fatty acid chains. They are solid at room temperature and are found in animal products, such as meat, dairy, and eggs.
- Unsaturated fatty acids have one or more double bonds between carbon atoms in their fatty acid chains. They are liquid at room temperature and are found in vegetable oils, nuts, and seeds.
A triglyceride is a type of fat that is found in the body and in food. It is made up of three fatty acids attached to a glycerol molecule.
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