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Identify the type of base and sugar group present in each nucleotide or nucleoside.

Identify the type of base and sugar group present in each nucleotide or nucleoside.

Biochemistry
Biochemistry
9th Edition
ISBN:9781319114671
Author:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.
Publisher:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.
Chapter1: Biochemistry: An Evolving Science
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1P
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**Identify the type of base and sugar group present in each nucleotide or nucleoside.** ### Molecule 1 - **Diagram Description:** - The diagram shows a structure with two primary components: a five-membered sugar ring and a nitrogenous base. The sugar appears to be ribose, indicated by the presence of hydroxyl (OH) groups on the 2' and 3' carbon atoms. The nitrogenous base, attached to the ribose, is a two-ring structure with an amine group (NH2), characteristic of a purine, specifically adenine. - **Options:** - ○ pyrimidine, ribose - ○ pyrimidine, deoxyribose - ○ purine, deoxyribose - ○ purine, ribose ### Molecule 2 - **Diagram Description:** - This diagram also shows a structure consisting of a sugar and a nitrogenous base. The sugar is once again ribose, as indicated by the hydroxyl groups on the 2' and 3' carbon, without any deoxygenation at the 2' position. The nitrogenous base is a single-ring structure with two carbonyl (C=O) groups, typical of a pyrimidine, specifically uracil. - **Options:** - ○ purine, deoxyribose - ○ pyrimidine, ribose - ○ purine, ribose - ○ pyrimidine, deoxyribose Select the appropriate combination for each molecule based on their structural characteristics.
Transcribed Image Text:**Identify the type of base and sugar group present in each nucleotide or nucleoside.** ### Molecule 1 - **Diagram Description:** - The diagram shows a structure with two primary components: a five-membered sugar ring and a nitrogenous base. The sugar appears to be ribose, indicated by the presence of hydroxyl (OH) groups on the 2' and 3' carbon atoms. The nitrogenous base, attached to the ribose, is a two-ring structure with an amine group (NH2), characteristic of a purine, specifically adenine. - **Options:** - ○ pyrimidine, ribose - ○ pyrimidine, deoxyribose - ○ purine, deoxyribose - ○ purine, ribose ### Molecule 2 - **Diagram Description:** - This diagram also shows a structure consisting of a sugar and a nitrogenous base. The sugar is once again ribose, as indicated by the hydroxyl groups on the 2' and 3' carbon, without any deoxygenation at the 2' position. The nitrogenous base is a single-ring structure with two carbonyl (C=O) groups, typical of a pyrimidine, specifically uracil. - **Options:** - ○ purine, deoxyribose - ○ pyrimidine, ribose - ○ purine, ribose - ○ pyrimidine, deoxyribose Select the appropriate combination for each molecule based on their structural characteristics.
**Description of Molecule Structure:** The image depicts a nucleotide structure. The molecule consists of a pentose sugar bonded to a phosphate group and a nitrogenous base. 1. **Sugar Component:** - The sugar is a ribose, indicated by the presence of an "OH" group attached to the 2' carbon. 2. **Phosphate Group:** - The phosphate group is attached to the 5' carbon of the ribose. - It's depicted as “-^2O3POCH2” indicating its connection to the sugar through a phosphate linkage. 3. **Nitrogenous Base:** - The nitrogenous base is a pyrimidine, identifiable by its single six-membered ring structure. - It includes elements like nitrogen (N) and oxygen (O) with a specific arrangement, evident from the presence of two nitrogen atoms in non-adjacent positions on the ring. **Multiple Choice Question:** Molecule 3 - [ ] purine, deoxyribose - [ ] pyrimidine, ribose - [ ] pyrimidine, deoxyribose - [ ] purine, ribose **Correct Answer:** - [x] pyrimidine, ribose This structure, including the ribose sugar and the pyrimidine base, matches the characteristics of a typical RNA nucleotide.
Transcribed Image Text:**Description of Molecule Structure:** The image depicts a nucleotide structure. The molecule consists of a pentose sugar bonded to a phosphate group and a nitrogenous base. 1. **Sugar Component:** - The sugar is a ribose, indicated by the presence of an "OH" group attached to the 2' carbon. 2. **Phosphate Group:** - The phosphate group is attached to the 5' carbon of the ribose. - It's depicted as “-^2O3POCH2” indicating its connection to the sugar through a phosphate linkage. 3. **Nitrogenous Base:** - The nitrogenous base is a pyrimidine, identifiable by its single six-membered ring structure. - It includes elements like nitrogen (N) and oxygen (O) with a specific arrangement, evident from the presence of two nitrogen atoms in non-adjacent positions on the ring. **Multiple Choice Question:** Molecule 3 - [ ] purine, deoxyribose - [ ] pyrimidine, ribose - [ ] pyrimidine, deoxyribose - [ ] purine, ribose **Correct Answer:** - [x] pyrimidine, ribose This structure, including the ribose sugar and the pyrimidine base, matches the characteristics of a typical RNA nucleotide.
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