Identify the strategies that CAM (crassulacean acid metabolism) plants use to minimize water loss while obtaining CO2 (carbon dioxide) for photosynthesis. Oform a four-carbon molecule as the first step in fixing CO2 Okeep stomata closed throughout the hot and dry seasons Ostore carbon in vacuoles overnight and synthesize sugars during the day O conduct the Calvin cycle in bundle sheath cells instead of mesophyll cells

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**Strategies for Minimizing Water Loss in CAM Plants**

Crassulacean Acid Metabolism (CAM) plants have evolved unique strategies to minimize water loss while still obtaining the necessary carbon dioxide (CO₂) for photosynthesis. Here are the main strategies they use:

- **Form a four-carbon molecule as the first step in fixing CO₂:** CAM plants initially fix CO₂ into a four-carbon compound during the night when stomata are open, reducing water loss.
  
- **Keep stomata closed throughout the hot and dry seasons:** By keeping their stomata closed during the hottest and driest parts of the day, CAM plants significantly reduce water evaporation.
  
- **Store carbon in vacuoles overnight and synthesize sugars during the day:** CAM plants store the carbon they capture at night in vacuoles, then use these stored compounds to synthesize sugars during the day when the stomata are closed.
  
- **Conduct the Calvin cycle in bundle sheath cells instead of mesophyll cells:** This strategy is more typical of C4 plants rather than CAM plants. CAM plants primarily modify the timing of the stomatal opening and carbon fixation rather than the location within the leaf cells.

Understanding these strategies highlights the remarkable adaptations of CAM plants to arid and semi-arid environments.
Transcribed Image Text:**Strategies for Minimizing Water Loss in CAM Plants** Crassulacean Acid Metabolism (CAM) plants have evolved unique strategies to minimize water loss while still obtaining the necessary carbon dioxide (CO₂) for photosynthesis. Here are the main strategies they use: - **Form a four-carbon molecule as the first step in fixing CO₂:** CAM plants initially fix CO₂ into a four-carbon compound during the night when stomata are open, reducing water loss. - **Keep stomata closed throughout the hot and dry seasons:** By keeping their stomata closed during the hottest and driest parts of the day, CAM plants significantly reduce water evaporation. - **Store carbon in vacuoles overnight and synthesize sugars during the day:** CAM plants store the carbon they capture at night in vacuoles, then use these stored compounds to synthesize sugars during the day when the stomata are closed. - **Conduct the Calvin cycle in bundle sheath cells instead of mesophyll cells:** This strategy is more typical of C4 plants rather than CAM plants. CAM plants primarily modify the timing of the stomatal opening and carbon fixation rather than the location within the leaf cells. Understanding these strategies highlights the remarkable adaptations of CAM plants to arid and semi-arid environments.
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