Identify the key structural elements of DNA, RNA, and protein
Genetic material refers to nucleic acids that acts as a hereditary material. It is present in nucleus of eukaryotes and in cytoplasm in prokaryotes.
DNA and RNA are nucleic acids. Structurally, these contain polynucleotides.
The nucleotides of DNA contain deoxyribose sugar, phosphate group and a nitrogenous base out of Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine and Thymine.
The nucleotides of RNA contain ribose sugar, phosphate group and a nitrogenous base out of Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine and Uracil.
The nucleotide sequence of Nucleic acids are arranged in linear strands in 5'-3' fashion by phosphodiester bonds among sugar-phosphate residues while the nitrogenous base hang out from the first carbon of the pentose sugar.
DNA is usually double stranded with two antiparallel strands stabilized by hydrogen bonds between Adenine - Thymine (two bonds) and Guanine - Cytosine (three bonds) between two strands.
RNA is usually single stranded with linear shape (as in mRNA), clover leaf like shape (as in tRNA) and spherical shape (in rRNA).
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