(i) When a small sphere of mass 300 g is attached to a spring of length 200 mm, its length increases to 285 mm. Calculate its spring constant. (ii) The sphere is pulled down until the length of the spring is 310 mm. The sphere is then released and oscillates about a fixed point. Derive the relationship between the acceleration of the sphere and its displacement from the fixed point. (iii) Why does the sphere oscillate with simple harmonic motion?
Simple harmonic motion
Simple harmonic motion is a type of periodic motion in which an object undergoes oscillatory motion. The restoring force exerted by the object exhibiting SHM is proportional to the displacement from the equilibrium position. The force is directed towards the mean position. We see many examples of SHM around us, common ones are the motion of a pendulum, spring and vibration of strings in musical instruments, and so on.
Simple Pendulum
A simple pendulum comprises a heavy mass (called bob) attached to one end of the weightless and flexible string.
Oscillation
In Physics, oscillation means a repetitive motion that happens in a variation with respect to time. There is usually a central value, where the object would be at rest. Additionally, there are two or more positions between which the repetitive motion takes place. In mathematics, oscillations can also be described as vibrations. The most common examples of oscillation that is seen in daily lives include the alternating current (AC) or the motion of a moving pendulum.
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