ACTIVITY 10.4.2Explain your answer briefly but concisely.What are the steps in the energy investment phase?2. What are the steps in the energy-yielding phase?3. What are the enzymes involved in an irreversible reaction? Howare these enzymes being activated? What about inhibited?4. Which step in the glycolytic pathway would ensure that glucoseis fated for glycolysis?5. During strenuous activity, the demand for ATP in muscle tissue isvastly increased. In rabbit leg muscle or turkey flight muscle, theATP is produced almost exclusively by lactic acid fermentation.ATP is formed in the payoff phase of glycolysis by two reactions,promoted by phosphoglycerate kinase and pyruvate kinase.Suppose skeletal muscle were devoid of lactate dehydrogenase.Could it carry out the strenuous physical activity; that is, could itgenerate ATP at a high rate by glycolysis? Explain.6. The transformation of glucose to lactate n myocytes releasesonly about 7% of the free energy released when glucose iscompletely oxidized to CO2 and Hz0O. Does this mean thatanaerobic glycolysis in muscle is a wasteful use of glucose?Explain.

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Answered: I What are the steps in the energy…

Biochemistry

6th Edition

ISBN:9781305577206

Author:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. Grisham

Publisher:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. Grisham

Chapter27: Metabolic Integration And Organ Specialization

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 9P

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BSC1010C Enzymes & Cellular Regulation Dr. Harris Amylase is an enzyme found primarily in saliva and pancreatic secretions. It catalyzes the breakdown of starch into sugars. A Rate of reaction 0 20 60 40 Temperature, C C Rate of reaction 80 100 B Rate of reaction Enzyme concentration (Substrate concentration always in excess) Substrate concentration (Enzyme concentration constant) The above graphs (A, B & C) provide data on several factors that affect the activity and function of amylase in living organisms. 11. What variables are compared in graph A? What information can be obtained from this data?
ACTIVITY 10.4.2 Explain your answer briefly but concisely. 1. Why is it that Individuals with thiamin deficiency have high levels of pyruvate in their blood? 2. How would riboflavin deficiency affect the functioning of the tricarboxylic acid cycle? 3. Mammalian liver can carry out gluconeogenesis using oxaloacetate as the starting material. Would the operation of the citric acid cycle be affected by the extensive use of oxaloacetate for gluconeogenesis? Explain your answer.
Question: Role of the triacyl glycerol cycle. Summarize the cycle referring to Figure 19.9. What role does the cycle play in metabolism? Here are some infromation: Metabolic integration within the human body depends on the redistribution of metabolites, ions, and hormones by the circulatory system. This complex network consists of ∼150,000 km of blood vessels (from major veins and arteries to microcapillaries) that recycle 6 L of blood every minute throughout the body. The circulatory system links together the major tissues and organs of the body in such a way that biochemical pathways in different cells share metabolites, ensuring that the metabolic efficiency of the whole organism is greater than the sum of its parts. This process of maintaining optimal metabolite concentrations and managing chemical energy reserves in tissues is called metabolic homeostasis. This term describes steady-state conditions that apply to a wide variety of physiologic parameters. Metabolic homeostasis is…
ACTIVITY 9.2.7 Answer the following briefly. 1. Why are alcoholics prone to Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome? 2. They say niacin is not a true vitamin, why? 3. Why do some people overdose with folic acid? 4. B12 is the only one of the eight B-complex vitamins that are only found in animals. Why? 5. How do B vitamins make energy production possible?
please help me answer all questions, if not anything you can help me with... even without explanation <3 thank you so much 4. Which metabolic reaction releases energy? 5. Which reaction yields a more complex molecule and is reductive? 6. Which reaction yields a simpler molecule and is oxidative? 7. What are the products of catabolism? Which part of the cell does this pathway take place? 8. What are the products of anabolism? Which part of the cell does this pathway take place? 9. Which reaction is divergent? Why? 10. Which reaction is convergent? Why? 11. How can you relate waterfalls to a mole of glucose? 12. What are the steps in catabolism? 13. What is the common pathway of the degraded complex molecules?
Many cancer cells preferentially perform aerobic glycolysis Proliferative tissue 5. Tumor without relying on oxidative phosphorylation to generate energy, a pro- cess known as the "Warburg effect". While less efficient at generating ATP, it has been proposed that the Warburg effect promotes prolifera- tion by generating an abundance of glycolytic intermediates that serve as precursors for other anabolic processes to generate biomass. One consequence of the Warburg effect is that cancer cells that are not bathed in a constant source of fresh glucose – such as cells in a solid tumor that are far from any capillaries (e.g., non-small cell (NSC) lung cancer) – often run out of glucose and activate gluconeogenesis. In this situation, the lactate generated by anerobic glycolysis is converted back to pyruvate to begin gluconeogenesis. or +/-02 Glucose Pyruvate 5% 85% Lactate CO2 (a) matic steps. Beginning with pyruvate, write with words the reaction for the first step, including the name of…
ACTIVITY 10.2 Refer to Figures 10.2.1 and 10.2.2 of Model 10.2 and answer the question that follows 1. What is metabolism? 2. What are the two types of metabolism? 3. Which metabolic reaction requires an input of energy? 4. Which metabolic reaction releases energy? 5. Which reaction yields a more complex molecule and is reductive? 6. Which reaction yields a simpler molecule and is oxidative? 7. What are the products of catabolism? Which part of the cell does this pathway take place? 8. What are the products of anabolism? Which part of the cell does this pathway take place? 9. Which reaction is divergent? Why? 10. Which reaction is convergent? Why? 11. How can you relate waterfalls to a mole of glucose? 12. What are the steps in catabolism? 13. What is the common pathway of the degraded complex molecules?
Situational problems I. Following a physician recommendation, an overweight man, 40 years old, decided to start a healthy lifestyle: daily running for an hour, fat consumption reduction up to 20 g in a day, as well as a reduced amount of fast carbohydrates». In result, he lost 2.5 kg of his body weight during the following two weeks. What metabolic pathway must be accelerated to cause such fat accumulation drop in this man? Answer the questions and do the following tasks: a) what is an adult norm for fat and carbohydrates daily consumption? b) draw the scheme, showing the influence of persistent physical exercising on fat metabolism in adipocytes; c) draw the scheme of the metabolic pathway, where products of lipolysis are used in skeletal muscles during persistent physical exercise.
Activity 13.5. Arrange the following enzymes of glycolysis. Hexokinase, enolase, aldolase, Pyruvate kinase, phosphofructokinase, phosphoglucoisomerase, phosphoglycerokinase, triose phosphate dehydrogenase, Isomerase, Phosphoglyceromutase, 1. 6. 2. 7. 3. 8. 4. 9. 5. 10.
ACTIVITY 10.6.2 Provide what is being asked. 1. A patient has an inborn mutation causing the inability to produce succinate dehydrogenase required for the oxidation of FADH2. Will this person still produce ATP? Explain your answer. 2 Mutations in the genes that encode certain mitochondrial proteins are associated with a high incidence of some type of cancer. How might defective mitochondria lead to cancer? 3. How is cytochrome c related to apoptosis? 4. Fill in the table below Pathway Number of ATP produced from one glucose molecule Number of H carriers produced from one glucose molecule NADH FADH2 Glycolysis Krebs Cycle Electron Transport Chain Total ATP Produced
Question:- Explain how the total yield of ATP from the oxidation of 1 mole of glucose to CO₂ + H₂O is affected by the use of the above shuttle versus the use of the Malate Aspartate Shuttle. (above shuttle is glycerol 3-phosphate shuttle)
QUESTION 54 Classification. Use the five compounds listed below for the following questions. a. Ethanol This compound is utilized in alcoholic fermentation and lactate - vfermentation. b. Pyruvate c. Lactate This compound is produced by fast-twitch muscle fibers. d. Carbon dioxide e. Acetaldehyde

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I What are the steps in the energy investment phase?