Hypernovae are   a. supernovae that occur when two red dwarfs collide.   b. supernovae that occur when 10-solar-mass stars explode.   c. supernovae that occur when stars more massive than 25 solar masses explode.   d. one theory to explain the production of gamma-ray bursters.   e. both c and d above.

Q: Has anybody drilled into Earth’s mantle or core to return samples of the densest interior layers?

A: On the basis of composition, Earth can be subdivided into the outermost layer crust, upper mantle, l...

Q: In what nonmarine settings do gravelly sediments often accumulate?

A: Gravelly sediments or gravels are clastic sediments that lie in the size range of 4.75 mm to 75 mm, ...

Q: What is a trophic pyramid? What is the relationship of organisms in a trophic pyramid? Does this hav...

A: The energy is transferred from one level to another in a trophic pyramid. The energy at the lowest l...

Q: What is the albedo (reflectance) of snow compared to that of bare ground?

A: Albedo is a measure of the radiation exposure of the sun's rays to the full rays and is measured on ...

Q: How does water circulate from top to bottom and north to south in the Atlantic Ocean?

A: Earth is a terrestrial planet, meaning it has a rocky surface that is primarily consisted of silicat...

Q: In A.D. 1054, Chinese astronomers observed the appearance of a new star, whose location is now occup...

A: Ever since the beginning of the Universe, matter and energy were created. These matters and energy e...

Q: If a cluster of stars is rich in T-Tauri stars, it is   a. a very old cluster.   b. a very b...

A: A star is an extra-terrestrial astronomical body that radiates its own energy due to the nuclear rea...

Q: Interstellar gas clouds may collapse to form stars if   a. they have very high temperatures. ...

A: Firstly, let us discuss something related to  Interstellar gas clouds: An immense cloud of gas (most...

Q: How can you tell which star is hotter by looking at an eclipsing binary light curve?

A: Firstly, let us discuss something about the star, Star: An astronomical object which consists of a l...

Q: The first pulsar was discovered by _______________ in November of 1967.   a. Jocelyn Bell   b...

A: A pulsar-is a magnetized rotating star compact that emits a beam of electromagnetic-radiation from i...

Q: How does the process that turns clay into shale differ from the process that turns sand into sandsto...

A: Geomorphology is the study of the landforms, structures, features, how they have formed, the sedimen...

Q: Explain what causes the temperature to increase with height through the stratosphere, and decrease w...

A: The temperature through the atmosphere was determined by the gas constituents in it. The temperature...

Q: if the moment magnitude scale based on the seismic moment is calculated as Mw=2/3log10(Mo)-10.7, det...

A: The moment is the total quantity of energy which is released during an earthquake. It is computed ea...

Q: Define energy and explain how thermodynamics regulates ecosystems.

A: An ecosystem is a community or system in which living organisms interact with each other and the sur...

Q: Sedimentary and metamorphic rock are informally classified as "secondary rock types".  What does thi...

A: rocks and ore are naturally occurring solid mass or aggregate of minerals which are valuable in natu...

Q: Define the challenge of sustainability.

A: The environment encompasses all the living and non-living organisms in an area. This term is often a...

Q: Porosity decreases Choose one: A. with decreasing compaction of sediments or rock. B. when rocks dev...

A: Porosity of soil is the amount of empty spaces in the soil or rock it also the volume of void with r...

Q: What do we mean when we say something is dense?

A: Volume of a matter or substance is quantity in a three-dimensional space which is close by some surf...

Q: What happens when air containing water vapor rises?

A: The lower-layer of the atmosphere which is known as troposphere consists of mixture of dust, water v...

Q: The air drawn into a thunderstorm from the outside is usually cooler than the air within a cumulonim...

A: Lighter air move vertically upward due to rise in temperature. As the temperature of air increases, ...

Q: What are ecosystem services? Give several examples.

A: Ecosystem occur in a geographic space where all the living and non-living things interact with respe...

Q: Describe some emergent properties of ecosystems.

A: The ecosystem is the combination of natural habitats including biotic and abiotic components of natu...

Q: Do you think the volume of the ocean is increasing, decreasing, or staying about the same over long ...

A: Ocean- About 71% of the earth's surface is covered by the oceans. An ocean is a waterbody made up of...

Q: List five to ten effects of changing climate.

A: The average weather of any location which is affected by its attitude, altitude as well as oceans an...

Q: Why is plastic so dangerous to marine organisms?

A: The ocean is home to a variety of organisms. The increasing use of plastic and plastic pollution in ...

Q: ANALYZING. GIVEN THE FOLLOWING SCENARIO, ANSWER WHAT IS ASKED.  1. Bert is an engineer and was curre...

A: A hazard is any agent that can cause harm to humans and the environment. Risk is the possibility of ...

Q: ANSWER IN 3 TO 5 SENTENCES. WHY IS IT STILL IMPORTANT TO OBSERVE DISASTER RISK REDUCTION RELATED LAW...

A: Disaster risk reduction (DRR) is defined as a systematic way of identifying, assessing and reducing ...

Q: What are the effects of El Niño and La Niña? List down at least 3 each.

A:  El nino and la Nina both are unusual change in weather pattern which cause anomalies to different a...

Q: Which of the following is NOT one of the four laws of stellar structure?   a. Conservation of ma...

A: Option c will be the right answer.

Q: In which of the three basic kinds of rock do nearly all fossils occur? Why?

A: The Earth is made up of various kinds of rocks. These rocks begin their life cycle from the solidifi...

Q: Because of the dust in the interstellar medium, a star will appear to an observer on Earth to be ...

A: Interstellar medium is matter that is present in the space between stars in the galaxy. This can inc...

Q: What would happent to the moon if it lost inertia?

A: The objects present in space have inertia along with gravity. Inertia in the objects of space contri...

Q: Explain what causes the temperature to decrease with height in the troposphere.

A: The Earth is enclosed by a blanket of gases called the atmosphere. The atmosphere serves as a protec...

Q: Identify the fire class and the type of extinguisher appropriate for each fire situation. (a) Chemic...

A: Fire is an exothermic element. The triangle of fire is heat, fuel, and oxygen, thus fire cannot exis...

Q: Has anything similar to Earth’s weather patterns been seen on other planets?

A: The Earth is enclosed by a blanket of gases called the atmosphere. The atmosphere serves as a protec...

Q: What percentage of the universe is not visible matter?

A: The universe is all the time and space that includes all the galaxies, stars, planets, and all forms...

Q: The free-fall contraction of a molecular cloud   a. can be initiated by shock waves from superno...

A: The free fall contraction of a molecular cloud can be initiated by shock waves from supernovae.  The...

Q: Please help me with this question within an hour urgently

A: The ecosystem is the geographical area where the living organisms live and interact with each other ...

Q: What is the difference between a nova and a supernova?

A: The universe is expanding since its formation. It originated around 13.8 billion years ago. Trillion...

Q: In the late 1700s, the German explorer Alexander von Humbolt reported that stripping the trees from ...

A: The Earth is made up of four spheres known as lithosphere, atmosphere, hydrosphere, and biosphere. A...

Q: A dam was proposed to be built on a certain river in a natural setting that would produce hydroelect...

A: Dams are built on various rivers that can be used for purposes such as agriculture, hydroelectric po...

Q: A type Ia supernova is believed to occur when   a. the core of a massive star collapses.   b....

A: Ever since the beginning of the Universe, matter and energy were created. These matters and energy e...

Q: ANSWER IN 3 TO 5 SENTENCES. WHY IS IT STILL IMPORTANT TO OBSERVE DISASTER RISK REDUCTION RELATED LAW...

A: The policy for the reduction of risk due to disasters is introduced for the prevention and reduction...

Q: Why is the southern tip of South Africa such a dangerous place for rogue waves?

A: Waves are formed by energy passing through water. They are generated by the wind blowing over the se...

Q: The wavelength region of the electromagnetic spectrum in which protostars are most easily observable...

A: Protostar is a very young star which has still to form or gather mass from the cloud or gas from whi...

Q: please answer question 4

A: The atmosphere is the mixture of gases that surrounds the earth. It is commonly called air. It is an...

Q: What is the differences of relative and absolute dating?

A:   Earth’s history is filled with various activities since its inception. Nature records its history ...

Q: Starlight passing through interstellar dust becomes   a. fainter and redder.   b. brighter a...

A: Option a will be right answer.

Q: Thinking Analytically How much wider has Iceland become because of seafloor spreading since the last...

A: The formation of Iceland began about 60 million years ago when the boundary between the Atlantic (th...

Q: What innovations did the Chinese bring to geology and ocean exploration? Why were their remarkable e...

A: Earth science is the study of the Earth and the various processes that are going on in the Earth sys...