At present, the Southern Hemisphere is actually furthest from (closest to) the Sun during its winter (summer) and the Northern Hemisphere is closest to (furthest from) the Sun during its winter (summer). However, the influence of this difference on the annual temperature ranges is not evident in Figures 1 and 2. Which temperature control explains why this influence isn’t observed? Explain your answer. **Average January Surface Temperatures**The map displayed above illustrates the average surface air temperatures for January, calculated as a composite mean over the period from 1981 to 2010. The temperature data, reanalyzed by NCEP/NCAR, are represented in degrees Celsius (°C).### Diagram Analysis1. **Temperature Gradient**: - **Color Coding**: The map uses a color gradient to denote different temperature ranges. - **Purple** and **Dark Blue**: Represents the coldest temperatures, ranging from -30°C to -20°C. - **Light Blue and Aqua**: Indicates temperatures between -10°C to 0°C. - **Green**: Shows temperatures in the range of 0°C to 10°C. - **Yellow**: Represents temperatures around 20°C. - **Orange**: Denotes temperatures up to 30°C. - **Red**: Indicates the highest temperatures, ranging from 30°C to 40°C. 2. **Geographical Distribution**: - **Northern Hemisphere**: The coldest temperatures (purple and dark blue) are predominantly found in the northernmost latitude zones, including parts of North America, Europe, and Asia. - **Tropics**: The regions around the equator, such as parts of Africa, South America, and Southeast Asia, exhibit warmer temperatures (yellows and greens). - **Southern Hemisphere**: Australia shows significant warmth in January (yellow to orange), while the southern oceans remain relatively cooler (blue and green).3. **Temperature Isolines**: - The solid lines with specific numerical labels (e.g., 10, 20) are isotherms—lines of constant temperature. These lines help indicate temperature transitions across different regions.### SummaryThe map effectively conveys global variations in average surface air temperatures during January, using a clear and distinctive color gradient to represent different temperature ranges. This visualization is invaluable for understanding the climatological patterns and the temperature distribution across various regions of the world during the month of January. ### Figure 2: Average July Surface TemperaturesThis image depicts a world map with average surface air temperatures for the month of July, as analyzed by NCEP/NCAR Reanalysis data. The temperature data presented are composite means, representing the period from 1981 to 2010, and are provided by the NOAA/ESRL Physical Sciences Division.### Temperature Contours and Color Coding:- The map uses both contour lines and colors to indicate temperature ranges in degrees Celsius (C).- **Color Key:** - Dark blue and purple shades: Extremely low temperatures (below -30°C) - Light blue shades: Low temperatures (between -10°C and 0°C) - Green shades: Mild temperatures (between 0°C and 20°C) - Yellow shades: Warm temperatures (between 20°C and 30°C) - Orange and red shades: High temperatures (above 30°C and up to 40°C)### Observations:- **Northern Hemisphere:** - Most land areas at latitudes above 60°N show average temperatures ranging from 0°C to 10°C. - Southern regions such as Northern Africa, the Middle East, and parts of Southern Asia exhibit high average temperatures, upwards of 30°C.- **Equatorial Regions:** - Equatorial areas including parts of South America, Africa, and Southeast Asia display average temperatures around 20°C to 30°C.- **Southern Hemisphere:** - Most of the southern landmasses and surrounding oceans present average temperatures between 10°C and 20°C.- **Polar Regions:** - Antarctic regions in the south show sharply cold temperatures, mostly below -20°C.This graphic is an essential visual tool for understanding global climate patterns and the distribution of temperatures on Earth during July over a 30-year period.

Sea floor temperature (SST) (or ocean floor temperature) is the water temperature near the ocean's…

Answered: However, the influence of this…

Applications and Investigations in Earth Science (9th Edition)

9th Edition

ISBN:9780134746241

Author:Edward J. Tarbuck, Frederick K. Lutgens, Dennis G. Tasa

Publisher:Edward J. Tarbuck, Frederick K. Lutgens, Dennis G. Tasa

Chapter1: The Study Of Minerals

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1LR

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At present, the Southern Hemisphere is actually furthest from (closest to) the Sun during its winter (summer) and the Northern Hemisphere is closest to (furthest from) the Sun during its winter (summer). However, the influence of this difference on the annual temperature ranges is not evident in Figures 1 and 2. Which temperature control explains why this influence isn’t observed? Explain your answer.